What Blessing Did Allah Give Thamud, and What Made Them Unique?
بأي نعمة أنعم الله على ثمود، وبمَ تميزوا؟
They used to dig in the mountains and build houses in the rocks. First, Allah made them successors on the earth to enjoy it and to obtain what they sought, after the people of Aad had perished. Second, this tribe was characterized by strength and the ability to build and carve rocks; they built palaces in the land’s plains and carved their houses into the mountains, indicative of their strength and skill, since their houses would remain as long as the mountains existed. Third, they had a variety of plantations and fruits, and palm trees as well. Fourth, they were given many blessings and thought that these blessings were eternal, and that they would live safely enjoying them forever. “Remember when He made you successors after Aad and established you in the land, and you built palaces on its plains and carved homes into mountains. So remember Allah’s favours, and do not go about spreading corruption in the land” (Surah Al-A’raf 7:74). “Do you think you will be forever left secure in what you have here: amid gardens and springs, and various crops, and palm trees loaded with tender fruit, to carve homes in the mountains with great skill? So fear Allah, and obey me” (Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:146-150). “Indeed, the residents of the Stone Valley also denied the messengers. We gave them Our signs, but they turned away from them. They carved their homes in the mountains, feeling secure” (Surah Al-Hijr 15:80-82). “And Thamud who carved their homes into the rocks in the Stone Valley” (Surah Al-Fajr 89:9). (Note: The verse number has been corrected to 9; the original published text gave it as 6 by mistake, and verse 6 is about Aad, not Thamud.)
تميزوا بالقوة الشديدة، إذ كانوا ينحتون الجبال ويبنون البيوت في الصخر. أولا، أن الله عز وجل جعلهم خلفاء في الأرض يتمتعون بها ويقدرون على إدراك ما يطلبون فيها، وذلك بعد أن هلك قوم عاد. ثانيا، تميزت هذه القبيلة بالقوة والقدرة على البناء ونحت الصخور، فقد كانوا يشيدون القصور في سهول الأرض، ويتخذون فيها القصور العالية والأبنية الحصينة، وينحتون الجبال لتكون مساكن لهم، وهي تدل على قوتهم وحذقهم، كما أن تلك المساكن باقية ما بقيت الجبال. ثالثا، كان لهم من الزروع والثمار أنواعٌ متنوعة، وكان عندهم النخل المثمر. رابعا، لكثرة النعم التي أُعطيها أولئك القوم كانوا يظنون أنهم خالدون في تلك النعم ويبقون فيها آمنين لا يتزحزحون عنها، قال الله تعالى: وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ جَعَلَكُمْ خُلَفَاءَ مِن بَعْدِ عَادٍ وَبَوَّأَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ تَتَّخِذُونَ مِن سُهُولِهَا قُصُورًا وَتَنْحِتُونَ الْجِبَالَ بُيُوتًا ۖ فَاذْكُرُوا آلَاءَ اللَّهِ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ (سورة الأعراف: 74)، وقال تعالى: أَتُتْرَكُونَ فِي مَا هَاهُنَا آمِنِينَ ﴿١٤٦﴾ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ ﴿١٤٧﴾ وَزُرُوعٍ وَنَخْلٍ طَلْعُهَا هَضِيمٌ ﴿١٤٨﴾ وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا فَارِهِينَ ﴿١٤٩﴾ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ (سورة الشعراء: 146-150)، وقال تعالى: وَلَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الْحِجْرِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﴿٨٠﴾ وَآتَيْنَاهُمْ آيَاتِنَا فَكَانُوا عَنْهَا مُعْرِضِينَ ﴿٨١﴾ وَكَانُوا يَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا آمِنِينَ ﴿٨٢﴾ (سورة الحجر: 80-82)، وقال تعالى: وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ (سورة الفجر: 9). (ملاحظة: صُحّح رقم الآية إلى 9، وكان قد ورد في النص الأصلي المنشور خطأً برقم 6، والآية 6 في عاد لا في ثمود.)
1. Successors After a Destroyed Nation | خلفاء بعد أمة هالكة
Thamud’s rise came directly after the destruction of the people of Aad, a pattern the Quran repeats often: one disbelieving nation is removed, and its blessings pass to the next, as a fresh opportunity and a fresh warning. Surah Al-A’raf 7:74 explicitly reminds Thamud of this, urging them to remember Allah’s favor rather than take their position for granted.
جاء تمكين ثمود عقب هلاك قوم عاد، وهي سنّة يكررها القرآن كثيرًا: تُهلَك أمة كافرة، وتنتقل نعمها إلى من بعدها، فرصةً جديدة ونذيرًا جديدًا. وقد ذكّرهم صالح عليه السلام بذلك صراحة: (وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ جَعَلَكُمْ خُلَفَاءَ مِن بَعْدِ عَادٍ) (الأعراف 7: 74)، يحثهم على ذكر نعمة الله بدل أن يحسبوا مكانتهم أمرًا مضمونًا.
2. A Miracle That Would Match Their Own Skill | معجزةٌ من جنس ما برعوا فيه
Thamud’s renowned skill in carving mountains into secure homes sets up the specific miracle Allah would later send them, covered in What Miracle Did Allah Send to the People of Saleh?, a she-camel emerging from solid rock, according to reports in tafsir books. The miracle spoke directly to what this particular nation valued and understood best.
ومهارة ثمود المشهورة في نحت الجبال بيوتًا آمنة تمهّد للمعجزة التي أرسلها الله إليهم بعد ذلك، كما بيّنا في جواب: ما المعجزة التي أرسلها الله إلى قوم صالح عليه السلام، ولماذا كانت هذه بعينها؟، وهي، بحسب روايات كتب التفسير، ناقةٌ خرجت من صخر صلد. فخاطبت المعجزة أخصّ ما كانت هذه الأمة تقدّره وتحسنه.
3. Security That Proved to Be an Illusion | أمن تبين أنه وهم
Surah Al-Hijr 15:82 and Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:146-149 both describe Thamud carving their homes “feeling secure,” a security the rest of their story proves was entirely misplaced. Their confidence in their own strength and craftsmanship, rather than in Allah who granted them that ability, is presented as the root of the arrogance that followed.
ووصف الله ثمود في سورتي الحجر والشعراء وهم ينحتون بيوتهم (آمِنِينَ) (الحجر 15: 82)، و(الشعراء 26: 146-149)، وهو أمن أثبتت بقية قصتهم أنه لم يكن في موضعه. وثقتهم بقوتهم وصنعتهم، لا بالله الذي آتاهم تلك القدرة، هي أصل الاستكبار الذي جاء بعد ذلك.
Scholarly Insight: Ibn Umar records the Prophet’s conduct when passing Al-Hijr (Sahih al-Bukhari 3380). The Prophet ﷺ said: “Do not enter the dwellings of those who wronged themselves unless you are weeping, lest what befell them befall you.” Ibn Umar adds: “Then he covered himself with his cloak while on his saddle.” See the punishment that overtook Thamud. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah Al-Hijr.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What was Thamud especially skilled at?
Carving secure homes directly into mountains, alongside building palaces on open land.
What blessings did Allah give Thamud?
Gardens, springs, varied crops, and palm trees, along with their position as successors after the people of Aad.
Did Thamud’s skill at building secure homes actually protect them?
No, their sense of security proved false once Allah’s punishment came upon them.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →