What Miracle Did Allah Send to the People of Saleh, and Why That One?
ما المعجزة التي أرسلها الله لقوم صالح، ولماذا اختيرت تحديدا؟
First, the people said to their Prophet Saleh, if he were truly the Messenger of Allah, to bring them a she-camel out of the rock in the mountain. Second, some commentators stated that Saleh prayed two rak’ahs and supplicated, so the rock they had appointed split open, revealing her hump, and a large, powerful, and beautiful she-camel came out. Third, their Prophet told them, “This is Allah’s she-camel as a sign to you. So leave her to graze freely on Allah’s land and do not harm her, or else you will be overcome by a painful punishment.” Fourth, Saleh agreed with his people that the she-camel would have a day to drink from the well, and the people another day, so neither would drink on the other’s day; according to the interpreters, another sign was that the she-camel would stand in front of every house to let people milk her. Fifth, the she-camel was sent to them as a test to see whether they would believe or disbelieve. It was a fitting miracle for this people, since they excelled at carving mountains, so the miracle came from the very thing they excelled at. “They replied, ‘You are simply bewitched! You are only a human being like us, so bring forth a sign if what you say is true.’ Salih said, ‘Here is a camel. She will have her turn to drink as you have yours, each on an appointed day. And do not ever touch her with harm, or you will be overtaken by the torment of a tremendous day'” (Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:153-156). “And tell them that the water must be divided between them, each taking a turn to drink” (Surah Al-Qamar 54:28).
أولا، لما قال القوم لنبيهم صالح عليه السلام: إن كنت رسول الله حقا فأخرج لنا من هذه الصخرة في هذا الجبل ناقة. ثانيا، ذكر بعض المفسرين أن صالحا عليه السلام صلى ركعتين ودعا، فانصدعت الصخرة التي عينوها عن سنامها، فخرجت منها ناقة عظيمة، آية في القوة والجمال. ثالثا، قال لهم نبيهم: هذه ناقة الله لكم آية، فذروها تأكل في أرض الله ولا تمسوها بسوء فيأخذكم عذاب أليم. رابعا، كان الذي اتفق عليه نبي الله صالح مع قومه أن للناقة يوما تشرب فيه من البئر، وللقوم يوم آخر، فلا يشربون في يومها ولا تشرب في يومهم، ومن الإعجاز أيضا، فيما ذكره المفسرون، أن الناقة كانت تقف أمام كل بيت ليحلب أهله منها ما شاءوا. خامسا، المقصود من إرسال الناقة أن تكون امتحانا واختبارا لهم هل يؤمنون أو يكفرون. وإنما كانت هذه المعجزة لأولئك القوم لأنهم لما كانوا بارعين في نحت الجبال، جاءتهم المعجزة من جنس ما برعوا فيه. قَالُوا إِنَّمَا أَنتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ ﴿١٥٣﴾ مَا أَنتَ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُنَا فَأْتِ بِآيَةٍ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ﴿١٥٤﴾ قَالَ هَـٰذِهِ نَاقَةٌ لَّهَا شِرْبٌ وَلَكُمْ شِرْبُ يَوْمٍ مَّعْلُومٍ ﴿١٥٥﴾ وَلَا تَمَسُّوهَا بِسُوءٍ فَيَأْخُذَكُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴿١٥٦﴾ (سورة الشعراء: 153-156). وَنَبِّئْهُمْ أَنَّ الْمَاءَ قِسْمَةٌ بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُّحْتَضَرٌ (سورة القمر: 28).
1. A Sign Chosen to Match Their Own Expertise | آية اختيرت لتناسب خبرتهم
Thamud were master rock-carvers, covered in What Blessing Did Allah Give Thamud, and What Made Them Unique?, so the emergence of a living creature from solid rock described in tafsir reports may be understood as a striking sign for a people skilled in carving stone. On this reading, the miracle did not simply demonstrate power in the abstract; it demonstrated power over the exact material they took pride in mastering themselves.
كانت ثمود نحاتين ماهرين للصخر، كما تناولنا في مقال ما النعمة التي منحها الله لثمود، وما الذي ميزها؟، فبحسب روايات كتب التفسير خرج مخلوق حي مكتملا من صخر صلب، ويمكن فهم ذلك بوصفه آية لافتة لقوم برعوا في نحت الصخر. ووفق هذا الفهم، لم تكن المعجزة مجرد إظهار للقدرة بشكل مجرد؛ بل أظهرت القدرة على المادة ذاتها التي كانوا يفتخرون بإتقانها بأنفسهم.
2. A Test Built Into Daily Life | اختبار مدموج في الحياة اليومية
Rather than a one-time display, the she-camel’s alternating drinking schedule made the miracle part of Thamud’s everyday routine for as long as she lived among them. Every day became a fresh choice to honor or violate the agreement Saleh (peace be upon him) had set on Allah’s behalf, turning ongoing obedience itself into the real test.
بدلا من عرض لمرة واحدة، جعل جدول شرب الناقة المتناوب المعجزة جزءا من الروتين اليومي لثمود طوال فترة عيشها بينهم. وأصبح كل يوم خيارا جديدا لاحترام الاتفاق الذي وضعه صالح نيابة عن الله أو انتهاكه، محولا الطاعة المستمرة نفسها إلى الاختبار الحقيقي.
3. A Clear Command Against Harm | أمر واضح بعدم الإيذاء
As with Adam (peace be upon him) and the forbidden tree, covered in What Did Allah Tell Adam Not to Approach in Paradise?, Thamud were given nearly total freedom with the she-camel, milk from her, benefit from her, simply do not harm her, while also respecting her appointed turn to drink. This recurring pattern across very different Prophets’ stories shows how consistently Allah tests obedience through clearly defined commands.
كما هو الحال مع آدم والشجرة المحرمة، كما تناولنا في مقال ماذا قال الله لآدم ألا يقترب منه في الجنة؟، مُنحت ثمود حرية شبه كاملة مع الناقة، احلبوها، انتفعوا منها، فقط لا تؤذوها، مع احترام يوم شربها المحدد أيضا. ويُظهر هذا النمط المتكرر عبر قصص أنبياء مختلفين جدا كيف يختبر الله الطاعة باستمرار عبر أوامر محددة بوضوح.
Scholarly Insight: Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:153-155 and Surah Al-Qamar 54:28 record the she-camel and the drinking schedule set as a test for Thamud. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah Ash-Shu’ara.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What miracle did Allah send to Thamud?
A she-camel with an appointed turn to drink, as recorded in Surah Ash-Shu’ara 26:155.
Why was this specific miracle chosen for Thamud?
Tafsir reports say the people requested a she-camel from a particular rock. Her emergence from it may be understood as a striking sign for a people skilled in carving stone.
What arrangement was set for the she-camel’s water?
She and the people alternated days at the well, each taking their own turn.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →