What Are the Divine Books Revealed to the Messengers?
ما هي الكتب السماوية التي أنزلت على الرسل؟
What are the Divine Books that were revealed to the Messengers?
There are five primary Divine Books revealed by Allah to guide humanity: the Torah, the Gospel (Injeel), the Zabour, the Scrolls of Abraham and Moses, and the Holy Quran, which was the final revelation given to Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him).
There are five Divine Books: the Torah, the Gospel (Injeel), the Zabour, the Scrolls of Abraham and Moses, and the Holy Quran, which was revealed to the last Messenger, Mohammed (peace be upon him).
How many Divine Books are mentioned in the text, and what are they?
There are five Divine Books mentioned: the Torah, the Gospel (Injeel), the Zabour, the Scrolls of Abraham and Moses, and the Holy Quran.
To whom was the Holy Quran revealed?
The Holy Quran was revealed to the last Messenger, Mohammed (peace be upon him).
The Five Revealed Books
1. The Torah
2. The Gospel (Injeel)
3. The Zabour
4. The Scrolls of Abraham and Moses
5. The Holy Quran
Revealed to the last Messenger, Mohammed (peace be upon him).
Scholarly Insight: Belief in the Divine Books is a fundamental pillar of the Islamic Creed. While the previous scriptures, such as the Torah, the Gospel (Injeel), the Zabour, and the Scrolls of Abraham and Moses, were revealed to specific nations for specific times, the Holy Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as the final and universal message for all of humanity, preserving and completing the core monotheistic truth of all previous revelations.
ما هي الكتب السماوية التي أنزلت على الرسل؟
الكتب السماوية الأساسية التي أنزلها الله لهداية البشرية هي خمسة: التوراة، والإنجيل، والزبور، وصحف إبراهيم وموسى، والقرآن الكريم الذي أُنزل خاتمةً للرسالات على النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
الكتب السماوية خمسة وهي: التوراة والإنجيل والزبور وصحف إبراهيم وموسى والقرآن الكريم المنزل على خاتم الأنبياء محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
الكتب السماوية الخمسة
1. التوراة
2. الإنجيل
3. الزبور
4. صحف إبراهيم وموسى
5. القرآن الكريم
المنزل على خاتم الأنبياء محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
1. The Obligation of Believing in All Divine Books | ركنية الإيمان بالكتب السماوية المنزلة
Belief in the Divine Books is the third fundamental pillar of Islamic faith. A Muslim must believe with complete certainty that Allah sent down scriptures to His messengers containing divine guidance, light, and laws for their respective peoples, originating from the same divine source.
آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۚ كُلٌّ آمَنَ بِاللَّـهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ (سورة البقرة: 285)
الإيمان بالكتب السماوية ركن ركين من أركان الإيمان الستة؛ يجب على كل مسلم التصديق الجازم بأن الله أنزل كتباً على رسله هداية ونوراً لخلقه، متضمنة للتوحيد والشرائع التي تناسب أقوامهم.
2. The Named Scriptures in the Quran | الكتب السماوية المذكورة بأسمائها في الذكر الحكيم
The Quran specifically enumerates five divine scriptures: the Suhuf (Scrolls) of Ibrahim and Musa; the Tawrat (Torah) given to Musa containing detailed commandments and light; the Zabur (Psalms) given to Dawud containing praises and spiritual exhortations; the Injeel (Gospel) given to Isa affirming monotheism and moral purity; and the Holy Quran. Surah Al-A'la closes by naming these scrolls, the scriptures of Ibrahim and Musa (87:19), as explained in which surah ends with the names of two messengers.
وَآتَيْنَا دَاوُودَ زَبُورًا (سورة الإسراء: 55)
نص القرآن على كتب بأعيانها: صحف إبراهيم وموسى، والتوراة المنزلة على كليم الله موسى: {فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ}، والزبور الذي آتاه الله لداود: {وَآتَيْنَا دَاوُودَ زَبُورًا}، والإنجيل المنزل على المسيح عيسى بن مريم مصدقاً للتوراة.
3. The Noble Quran: The Seal and Criterion (Muhaymin) | هيمنة القرآن الكريم ونسخه للكتب السابقة
Surah Al-Ma'idah defines the status of the Quran: "And We have sent down to you the Book in truth, confirming what came before it of the Scripture and as a criterion (Muhaymin) over it" (5:48). The Quran confirms the core monotheistic truth of earlier books, corrects historical human corruptions (Tahrif), and abrogates earlier temporary legal codes.
وَأَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُهَيْمِنًا عَلَيْهِ (سورة المائدة: 48)
يتبوأ القرآن الكريم مكانة الصدارة؛ فهو مهيمن على ما قبله من الكتب: يصدق أصلها الإلهي، ويصحح ما طرأ عليها من تحريف بشري، وينسخ شرائعها الخاصة، ليكون الدستور الخاتم الشامل للإنسانية جمعاء.
4. Divine Guarantee of Eternal Preservation | الحفظ الإلهي المعجز للقرآن دون سواه
Whereas earlier scriptures were entrusted to their respective clergy for preservation (and thus suffered textual alterations), Allah Himself guaranteed the preservation of the final scripture: "Indeed, it is We who sent down the Quran and indeed, We will be its guardian" (15:9), ensuring it remains letter-for-letter intact until Judgment Day.
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ (سورة الحجر: 9)
بينما وكل الله حفظ الكتب السابقة إلى أحبارها ورهبانها فاستُحفظوا عليها فغيروا وبدلوا، تولى الله بنفسه حفظ القرآن الكريم: {إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ}، فبقي محفوظاً في الصدور والمصاحف بحرفه ونقطه معجزاً عبر العصور.
Scholarly Insight: The progression of divine books illustrates how Allah nurtured human civilization with progressive legislation, culminating in the complete, universally preserved miracle of the Noble Quran. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Ma'idah.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What are the five named Divine Books in Islamic tradition?
The Scrolls of Ibrahim and Musa, the Torah (Tawrat), the Psalms (Zabur), the Gospel (Injeel), and the Noble Quran.
To whom was the Zabur (Psalms) revealed?
To Prophet Dawud (David), as stated in Surah Al-Isra (17:55).
What does "Muhaymin" mean regarding the Quran in Surah Al-Ma'idah?
It means a guardian, witness, and criterion that confirms original truth, corrects corruptions, and supersedes previous legal codes.
Why is the Quran preserved while earlier scriptures suffered alteration?
Because earlier books were temporary and entrusted to human scholars, whereas Allah Himself directly guaranteed the eternal preservation of the Quran.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →