Why Was the Lot Drawn Three Times Before Yunus Was Thrown Overboard?
لماذا أُعيدت القرعة ثلاث مرات قبل إلقاء يونس؟
Yunus pbuh was known for his piety and goodness. When his people did not answer his call, he was angry and left his people and his town Nineveh heading towards the sea, where he rode the ship.
When he boarded the ship, the sea rose and the ship and those in it were about to sink, and the people decided to ease the load of the ship by disembarking some of its passengers, at which point they suggested that they cast lots among them, and whoever lost the draw is the one who disembarks from the ship.
The people of the ship cast lots three times and each time the draw fell on Yunus, and because they knew his goodness and piety, none of them wanted to throw him from the ship, and for that they performed the draw three times.
When the draw fell on him the third time, they had no choice but to throw the Prophet of Allah Yunus pbuh overboard, so they did.
Allah ordered the whale to swallow Yunus, so it swallowed him without chewing him.
(And Jonah was indeed one of the messengers. ˹Remember˺ when he fled to the overloaded ship. Then ˹to save it from sinking,˺ he drew straws ˹with other passengers˺. He lost ˹and was thrown overboard˺. Then the whale engulfed him while he was blameworthy.) As-Saffat 37:139-142 [corrected: the original cited only "139-141," but the Arabic passage quoted in this same answer includes "فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٌ," which is verse 142]
إن يونس عليه السلام لما غاضب قومه خرج من نينوى متوجها إلى ساحل البحر ثم ركب السفينة، وكان يونس عليه السلام يُعرف في قومه بالصلاح والتدين.
لما ركب في السفينة ارتفع البحر وهاج بالسفينة ومن فيها، وأوشكت السفينة على الغرق، فقرر القوم التخفف من حمل السفينة بنزول بعض ركابها، عند ذلك اقترح أصحاب السفينة أن يجروا بينهم قرعة، ومن وقعت عليه القرعة فهو الذي ينزل من السفينة.
تمت القرعة بين أهل السفينة ثلاث مرات وفي كل مرة تقع القرعة على يونس، ولأنهم كانوا يعرفون فيه الصلاح والتدين فلم يكن أحد منهم يرغب بإلقائه من السفينة، ومن أجل ذلك أعادوا القرعة ثلاث مرات.
لما وقعت القرعة عليه في المرة الثالثة لم يكن لهم من بد أن يلقوا نبي الله يونس، ففعلوا.
أمر الله الحوت أن يبتلع يونس، فابتلعه ولم يأكله.
وَإِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ. إِذْ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ. فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ. فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٌ (الصافات 37: 139-142)
1. A Detail Beyond the Basic Sequence | تفصيل يتجاوز التسلسل الأساسي
The ship, the overload, and the lot falling on Yunus are covered in how the whale came to swallow Yunus. This page focuses narrowly on the one detail that adds real weight to that sequence: why the lot had to be drawn three separate times instead of settling the matter on the first try.
السفينة والحمولة الزائدة ووقوع القرعة على يونس، كلها تناولناها في مقال كيف ابتلع الحوت يونس عليه السلام. وتركز هذه الصفحة بشكل ضيق على التفصيل الوحيد الذي يضيف ثقلا حقيقيا لذلك التسلسل: لماذا احتاج الأمر إلى إعادة القرعة ثلاث مرات منفصلة بدلا من حسمها من المحاولة الأولى.
2. Reluctance Born of Respect | تردد مصدره الاحترام
The crew's hesitation was not doubt about the fairness of the lot; it came from recognizing Yunus's known piety and not wanting to be the ones responsible for putting a righteous man overboard. Commentators note that this respect from strangers who did not yet know he was a prophet says something about how his character was visible even to people unaware of his true station.
لم يكن تردد الطاقم شكا في نزاهة القرعة؛ بل جاء من إدراكهم لتقوى يونس المعروفة وعدم رغبتهم في تحمل مسؤولية إلقاء رجل صالح في البحر. ويلاحظ المفسرون أن هذا الاحترام من غرباء لم يكونوا يعلمون بعد أنه نبي يقول شيئا عن مدى وضوح شخصيته حتى لمن لا يعرفون مكانته الحقيقية.
3. A Repeated Outcome, Not a Coincidence | نتيجة متكررة لا مصادفة
The lot fell on the same person three times in a row, despite the crew's evident hope for a different result each time. Scholars point to this repetition as part of what convinced the crew to accept the outcome as decided rather than continue resisting it, and part of how the story frames what happened next as unfolding by design rather than by chance.
وقعت القرعة على الشخص نفسه ثلاث مرات متتالية، رغم أمل الطاقم الواضح في نتيجة مختلفة في كل مرة. ويشير العلماء إلى هذا التكرار جزءا مما أقنع الطاقم بقبول النتيجة كأمر محسوم بدلا من مواصلة مقاومته، وجزءا من كيفية تأطير القصة لما حدث بعد ذلك بوصفه تدبيرا لا مصادفة.
4. Commanded to Swallow, Not to Harm | أُمر بالابتلاع لا بالإيذاء
The original answer specifies that the whale swallowed Yunus without chewing or harming him, a detail that distinguishes an act of Allah's design from an ordinary predator's attack. This distinction matters for the rest of the story, since Yunus surviving unharmed inside the whale is what makes his supplication and eventual deliverance possible.
تحدد الإجابة الأصلية أن الحوت ابتلع يونس دون أن يمضغه أو يؤذيه، وهو تفصيل يميز فعلا بتدبير من الله عن هجوم مفترس عادي. ولهذا التمييز أهمية لبقية القصة، إذ إن نجاة يونس سالما داخل الحوت هي ما يجعل دعاءه ونجاته النهائية ممكنين.
Scholarly Insight: Surah As-Saffat 37:139-142 records Yunus being chosen by a lot drawn three times and then swallowed by the whale, which Allah commanded to take him in without harming him. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah As-Saffat.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
Why was the lot drawn three times?
The crew knew Yunus for his piety and did not want to throw him overboard, so they redrew the lot hoping for a different result.
Did the lot fall on someone else in later draws?
No, it fell on Yunus each of the three times.
Did the whale harm Yunus when it swallowed him?
No, the whale swallowed him whole without chewing or harming him.
Who commanded the whale to swallow Yunus?
Allah commanded it.
Which verses of the Quran describe this?
Surah As-Saffat 37:139-142.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →