How Many Deaths and Lives Does the Quran Mention?
كم عدد الموتات والحيوات للإنسان المذكورة في القرآن الكريم؟
There are two deaths and two lives. Before a baby is born, he was nothing (dead), then once he is born, he becomes alive. When his life is over, Allah causes him to die. Then on Doomsday, he is resurrected and comes back to life.
(How can you deny Allah? You were lifeless and He gave you life, then He will cause you to die and again bring you to life, and then to Him you will ˹all˺ be returned.) [Al-Baqarah 2:28]
موتتان وحياتان.
قبل أن يولد الإنسان يكون لا شيء أي ميت ، ثم يحييه الله بعد أن تلده أمه. ثم عندما ينتهي أجله يتوفاه الله. ثم يحييه الله حين يبعث يوم القيامة.
(كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَكُنتُمْ أَمْوَاتًا فَأَحْيَاكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ) [البقرة 2: 28]
1. You Were Lifeless | وكنتم أمواتا فأحياكم
Allah says: how can you disbelieve in Allah when you were lifeless and He gave you life, then He will cause you to die, then give you life, then to Him you will be returned (2:28). Ibn Kathir explains: you were nothing and He brought you into existence, as Allah says: or were they created from nothing (52:35), and: was there not a period of time when man was not a thing worth mentioning (76:1).
كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَكُنتُمْ أَمْوَاتًا فَأَحْيَاكُمْ ۖ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ (سورة البقرة: 28)
قال تعالى: (كيف تكفرون بالله وكنتم أمواتا فأحياكم ثم يميتكم ثم يحييكم ثم إليه ترجعون) (البقرة 2: 28)، قال ابن كثير: أي قد كنتم عدما فأخرجكم إلى الوجود، كما قال تعالى: (أم خلقوا من غير شيء أم هم الخالقون) (الطور 52: 35)، وقال: (هل أتى على الإنسان حين من الدهر لم يكن شيئا مذكورا) (الإنسان 76: 1).
2. Twice You Caused Us to Die | أمتنا اثنتين وأحييتنا اثنتين
The people of the Fire will say: our Lord, You caused us to die twice and gave us life twice, so we confess our sins (40:11). Ibn Kathir reports from Ibn Mas'ud: this is like the verse in Al-Baqarah, and the same from Ibn Abbas, al-Dahhak, Qatada and Abu Malik, and he calls it the correct view without doubt. He judges the other explanations, of al-Suddi and Ibn Zayd, weak, because they would make three lives and three deaths.
قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ (سورة غافر: 11)
قال تعالى عن أهل النار: (قالوا ربنا أمتنا اثنتين وأحييتنا اثنتين فاعترفنا بذنوبنا) (غافر 40: 11)، ونقل ابن كثير عن ابن مسعود: هذه الآية كقوله تعالى في البقرة: (وكنتم أمواتا فأحياكم ثم يميتكم ثم يحييكم)، وكذا قال ابن عباس والضحاك وقتادة وأبو مالك، وقال: وهذا هو الصواب الذي لا شك فيه، وضعف قولي السدي وابن زيد لأنه يلزمهما ثلاث إحياءات وإماتات.
3. Sleep, the Lesser Death | النوم وفاة صغرى
Allah takes the souls at the time of their death, and those that do not die during their sleep; He keeps those for which He has decreed death and sends the others back until an appointed term (39:42). When the Prophet woke he would say: praise be to Allah who gave us life after He had caused us to die, and to Him is the resurrection (Sahih al-Bukhari 6312). The lesser and greater death are explained in what the minor and major deaths are.
اللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى الْأَنفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهَا وَالَّتِي لَمْ تَمُتْ فِي مَنَامِهَا (سورة الزمر: 42)
قال تعالى: (الله يتوفى الأنفس حين موتها والتي لم تمت في منامها فيمسك التي قضى عليها الموت ويرسل الأخرى إلى أجل مسمى) (الزمر 39: 42)، وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا قام من نومه قال: "الحمد لله الذي أحيانا بعد ما أماتنا وإليه النشور" (صحيح البخاري 6312).
Scholarly Insight: Ibn Kathir explains the two deaths and two lives of 2:28 and 40:11 as the nothingness before birth, life in this world, death, and the resurrection, calling it the correct view without doubt, and rejects explanations that would make three. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Baqarah.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How many deaths and lives does the Quran mention?
Two deaths and two lives (2:28).
What are the two deaths?
The nothingness before a person is born, and the death at the end of life.
What are the two lives?
Life in this world, and the life at the resurrection.
Which verse mentions dying twice and living twice?
Ghafir 40:11, which Ibn Mas’ud explained by Al-Baqarah 2:28.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →