Why Were Adam and His Wife Expelled From Paradise?
لماذا أُخرج آدم وزوجه من الجنة؟
Because he disobeyed his Lord, when Allah the Almighty told him that he and his wife could eat from all the fruits of Paradise except from one tree. Satan whispered to Adam, peace be upon him, that if they ate from the forbidden tree it would make them immortal. So Adam disobeyed his Lord, and he and his wife ate from the tree. One sin took him out of Paradise. What do you gain from this in your practical life? It is not reasonable for a person to take sins lightly, however small. Examples of that: Allah the Almighty permitted people to eat everything except pork, yet some people insist on eating pork (Note: the foods Allah forbade are not limited to pork; Surah Al-Baqarah 2:173 also names carrion, blood, and what is slaughtered in the name of any other than Allah). And Allah the Almighty permitted all kinds of drinks except alcohol, yet you see some people leave everything lawful and insist on drinking alcohol. Likewise, Allah made marriage lawful, yet you see some leave what is lawful and run after forbidden relationships. "O Adam! Live with your wife in Paradise and eat from wherever you please, but do not approach this tree, or else you will be wrongdoers" (Surah Al-A'raf 7:19). "We cautioned, 'O Adam! Live with your wife in Paradise and eat as freely as you please, but do not approach this tree, or else you will be wrongdoers.' But Satan deceived them, leading to their fall from the ˹blissful˺ state they were in, and We said, 'Descend from the heavens ˹to the earth˺ as enemies to each other. You will find in the earth a residence and provision for your appointed stay'" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:35-36). "But Satan whispered to him, saying, 'O Adam! Shall I show you the Tree of Immortality and a kingdom that does not fade away?'" (Surah Ta-Ha 20:120).
لأنه عصى ربه، إذ قال له الله تعالى أن يأكلا من كل ثمار الجنة إلا من شجرة واحدة. فوسوس الشيطان لآدم عليه السلام أنهما إذا أكلا من الشجرة الممنوعة ستجعلهما خالدين. فعصى آدم ربه وأكلا هو وزوجته من الشجرة. معصية واحدة أخرجته من الجنة. ماذا تستفيد في حياتك العملية من ذلك؟ لا يعقل أن يستهين الإنسان بالمعاصي ولو قلت. أمثلة على ذلك: أباح الله تعالى للإنسان أن يأكل كل شيء إلا لحم الخنزير، وبعض الناس يصرون على أكل لحم الخنزير (ملاحظة: والمحرمات من الطعام لا تقتصر على لحم الخنزير، ففي سورة البقرة 2:173: إنما حرم عليكم الميتة والدم ولحم الخنزير وما أهل به لغير الله). وأباح الله تعالى كل أنواع المشروبات إلا الكحول، فترى بعض الناس يتركون كل الحلال ويصرون على شرب الكحول. كما أحل الله الزواج، فترى بعضهم يترك الحلال ويركض وراء العلاقات المحرمة. وَيَا آدَمُ اسْكُنْ أَنتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ فَكُلَا مِنْ حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَـٰذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ (سورة الأعراف: 19). وَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ اسْكُنْ أَنتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنْهَا رَغَدًا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَـٰذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ. فَأَزَلَّهُمَا الشَّيْطَانُ عَنْهَا فَأَخْرَجَهُمَا مِمَّا كَانَا فِيهِ ۖ وَقُلْنَا اهْبِطُوا بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ ۖ وَلَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ (سورة البقرة: 35-36). فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ قَالَ يَا آدَمُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَىٰ شَجَرَةِ الْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍ لَّا يَبْلَىٰ (سورة طه: 120).
1. The Specific Lie Satan Used | الكذبة المحددة التي استخدمها الشيطان
Satan did not simply tempt Adam with pleasure; he specifically promised immortality and an unending kingdom, appealing to a desire that had nothing to do with the tree's taste. This detail is preserved in Surah Ta-Ha 20:120: "O Adam! Shall I show you the Tree of Immortality and a kingdom that does not fade away?"
لم يكتفِ الشيطان بإغراء آدم باللذة؛ بل وعده تحديدا بالخلود وملك لا يبلى، مستغلا رغبة لا علاقة لها بطعم الشجرة. وهذا التفصيل محفوظ في سورة طه 20:120: "يا آدم هل أدلك على شجرة الخلد وملك لا يبلى".
2. One Restriction, Broken Despite Every Warning | قيد واحد كُسر رغم كل التحذيرات
Adam had already been told which tree to avoid, covered in What Did Allah Tell Adam Not to Approach in Paradise?, and had already been warned by name about the one who would try to deceive him, covered in Who Did Allah Warn Adam About? That the deception still succeeded, despite full prior knowledge, makes this story a lesson in vigilance, not only in obedience.
كان آدم قد أُخبر بالفعل بالشجرة الواجب تجنبها، كما تناولنا في مقال ما الذي أمر الله آدم بعدم الاقتراب منه في الجنة؟، وحُذّر بالفعل بالاسم من الذي سيحاول خداعه، كما تناولنا في مقال من الذي حذّر الله آدم منه؟ وأن الخداع نجح مع ذلك، رغم المعرفة المسبقة الكاملة، يجعل هذه القصة درسا في اليقظة لا في الطاعة وحدها.
3. From Paradise to Earth, as Enemies to One Another | من الجنة إلى الأرض، أعداء لبعضهم
Surah Al-Baqarah 2:36 describes the descent to earth with the words "as enemies to each other." The enmity itself was not new: Allah had already warned Adam in Paradise that Iblis was an enemy to him and his wife (20:117). On earth that enmity continues throughout human history, so the descent is not simply the end of one story but the beginning of another.
تصف سورة البقرة 2:36 الهبوط إلى الأرض بقوله تعالى: "بعضكم لبعض عدو". ولم تكن العداوة جديدة، فقد حذّر الله آدم في الجنة من أن إبليس عدو له ولزوجه (طه 20:117)؛ وعلى الأرض تستمر هذه العداوة عبر التاريخ الإنساني، فليس الهبوط مجرد نهاية قصة بل بداية أخرى.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
Why were Adam and his wife expelled from Paradise?
Satan deceived Adam into eating from the one forbidden tree by promising immortality, and his disobedience led to their expulsion.
What did Satan promise Adam to convince him?
Immortality and an unending kingdom, as recorded in Surah Ta-Ha 20:120.
What condition came with the descent to earth?
The enmity between humanity and Iblis, of which Allah had already warned Adam in Paradise (Ta-Ha 20:117), continuing on earth (Al-Baqarah 2:36).