What Is Humility in Prayer?
امتدح الله في كتابه الخاشعين في صلاتهم، كما في قوله تعالى: "قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ. الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ". فما هو الخشوع في الصلاة؟
What is humility in prayers?
Humility (Khushu') in prayer encompasses both the stillness of the physical limbs and the profound presence of the heart. It is the spiritual core of worship, shielding the believer from worldly distractions and the whispers of Satan.
Allah praised the believers who humble themselves in prayer: “Successful indeed are the believers: those who humble themselves in prayer.” So what is humility in prayers?
What is the definition of humility (Khushu') in Islam?
Humility towards Allah is the feeling of fearing Him, which leads to exalting and glorifying Him. It stems from piety and exists primarily in the heart, meaning a person can embody humility even outside of prayer.
What are the two types of humility during prayer?
The first type is physical humility, where the limbs remain still without any unnecessary movement. The second type is the presence of the heart, where a person deeply reflects on what they are reciting and calling upon their Lord for.
Why does Satan try to distract believers during their prayer?
Satan's primary concern is to ruin the believer's prayers through evil whispering and by abolishing their reverence. Distracting a person from their prayer prevents them from attaining a pure soul and a meaningful connection with Allah.
The Meaning and Types of Humility
1. The Essence of Humility
Humility towards Allah is the feeling of fearing Him which leads to Exalting Him and Glorifying Him. Fear comes only from one’s piety to Allah the Almighty. (This reverence is the essence of worship. As Allah says: "And they fall upon their faces weeping, and it increases them in humble submissiveness." Al-Isra 17:109)
2. The Place of Humility
Humility exists in one’s heart, and it is not restricted to prayers. It means that someone can be in a state of humility even when not in prayers. (True humility permeates the believer's entire life, reflecting in their character, as the Companion Ubadah ibn al-Samit said: "The first knowledge to be removed from the people will be Khushu'; soon you will enter the congregational mosque and not see a humble person in it." Sunan at-Tirmidhi 2653, graded sahih by al-Albani)
3. Physical Stillness
Humility in prayers is two types: The first type: While in prayers, the limbs remain still and do not move when there is no need. Moving a lot in prayers decreases one’s humility and it may lead to the nullifying of one’s prayers. (This physical stillness is a direct reflection of the heart's state, as outward calmness mirrors inner tranquility).
4. Presence of the Heart
The second type: the presence of the heart while the limbs are still, so that a person reflects on what he says in prayer and the supplications he addresses to his Lord, the Mighty and Sublime, and this is one of the greatest purposes of prayers. (Successful indeed are the believers: those who humble themselves in prayer.) Al-Mu’minun 23:1-2. (The believer should ponder every word, knowing they are conversing directly with the Creator).
5. Satan's Whispers
Salat (Prayer) is one of the greatest practical pillars of religion, but humility in it is a legitimate requirement, and Satan, may Allah curse him, threatens to whisper to people, so that they do not pay attention in prayer. Allah the Almighty narrates what he said in the following Ayah: (I will approach them from their front, their back, their right, their left, and then You will find most of them ungrateful) Al-A’araf 7:17. (To combat this, the worshipper must actively seek refuge in Allah from the accursed devil to protect their focus).
6. The Warning to the Unmindful
(So woe to those ˹hypocrites˺ who pray, yet are unmindful of their prayers; those who ˹only˺ show off, and refuse to give ˹even the simplest˺ aid) (107:4-7). (This stern warning highlights the immense danger of performing the physical acts of worship while the heart is completely absent or seeking worldly praise).
7. Purifying the Soul
It is as if Satan's first concern is to ruin the believer's prayers by means of evil whispering, and by voiding it by abolishing reverence in it. In reverent prayer, as in contemplation, the more a person concentrates and dismisses everything that preoccupies a person with this world, the more pure the soul will be. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, supplicated and said: (O Allah, I seek refuge with You from knowledge that is of no benefit, from a supplication that is not heard, from a heart that does not fear (You) and from a soul that is not satisfied). [At-Tirmidhi 3482 and An-Nasa'i 5442, both graded sahih by al-Albani, narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As]. (Attaining this purity of soul through Khushu' is the ultimate joy of the believer, as the Prophet ﷺ famously said: "And the coolness of my eyes was made in the prayer." Sunan an-Nasa'i 3940, graded sahih by al-Albani)
Scholarly Insight: In Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh), scholars carefully differentiate between physical stillness (Tuma'neenah) and inner humility (Khushu'). Physical stillness is an essential pillar (Rukn); without it, the prayer is legally invalid. Inner humility, however, is the spiritual core of the worship. While a lack of inner focus might not necessitate repeating the prayer from a strictly legal standpoint, scholars of purification (Tazkiyah) emphasize that a worshipper only receives divine reward proportional to the presence of their heart. Achieving Khushu' fulfills the highest objective (Maqasid) of prayer, which is to connect intimately with the Creator and elevate the soul beyond worldly attachments.
ما هو الخشوع في الصلاة؟
الخشوع في الصلاة يشمل سكون الجوارح البدنية وحضور القلب العميق. وهو الجوهر الروحي للعبادة، حيث يحمي المؤمن من مشتتات الدنيا ووساوس الشيطان ويزيد من صفاء النفس.
امتدح الله في كتابه الخاشعين في صلاتهم، كما في قوله تعالى: "قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ. الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ". فما هو الخشوع في الصلاة؟
معنى وأنواع الخشوع
1. جوهر الخشوع
أولاً: الخشوع لله هو الخوفُ منه المؤدي إلى تعظيمه وإجلاله، والخشوع يقتضي التقوى لله عز وجل. (وهذه الهيبة هي جوهر العبادة، كما قال تعالى: "وَيَخِرُّونَ لِلْأَذْقَانِ يَبْكُونَ وَيَزِيدُهُمْ خُشُوعًا" الإسراء 17: 109)
2. محل الخشوع
ثانيًا: الخشوع محله القلب، وهو ليس من خصوص أفعال الصلاة، أي: إن الخاشع قد يكون في الصلاة وقد يكون خاشعًا في غير الصلاة. (الخشوع الحقيقي يمتد ليشمل حياة المؤمن كلها، وينعكس في أخلاقه، لقول الصحابي عبادة بن الصامت رضي الله عنه: "أول علم يرفع من الناس الخشوع، يوشك أن تدخل مسجد جماعة فلا ترى فيه رجلا خاشعا"، سنن الترمذي 2653، وصححه الألباني)
3. سكون الجوارح
الخشوع في الصلاة على نوعين: النوع الأول: سكون الجوارح وعدم حركتها فيما لا حاجة فيه في الصلاة، وينافي هذا الخشوع كثرة الحركة في الصلاة، وقد تؤدي كثرة الحركة إلى بطلان الصلاة. (وهذا السكون الجسدي هو انعكاس لحالة القلب، فالسكون الظاهري يمثل الطمأنينة الباطنية).
4. حضور القلب
النوع الثاني: حضور القلب مع سكون الجوارح، بحيث يتفكر الإنسان فيما يقول في الصلاة وما يدعو به ربه، عز وجل، وهذا من أعظم مقاصد الصلاة. (قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ﴿١﴾ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ ﴿٢﴾) المؤمنون 23:1-2. (وعلى المؤمن أن يتدبر كل كلمة، مدركاً أنه يناجي الخالق مباشرة).
5. وساوس الشيطان
الصلاة من أعظم أركان الدين العملية، لكن الخشوع فيها من المطالب الشرعية، والشيطان، لعنه الله، توعد أن يوسوس للناس حتى لا ينتبهوا في الصلاة. ذكر الله عنه: ﴿ ثُمَّ لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ وَعَنْ أَيْمَانِهِمْ وَعَنْ شَمَائِلِهِمْ وَلَا تَجِدُ أَكْثَرَهُمْ شَاكِرِينَ ﴾ [الأعراف 7:17]. (ولمواجهة ذلك، يجب على المصلي الاستعاذة بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بصدق لحماية تركيزه).
6. وعيد الغافلين
(فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ ﴿٤﴾ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ ﴿٥﴾ الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ ﴿٦﴾ وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ ﴿٧﴾) [الماعون 107:4-7]. (وهذا التحذير الشديد يبرز الخطر العظيم لأداء العبادات ظاهرياً بينما القلب غافل تماماً أو يبحث عن ثناء الناس).
7. صفاء النفس
وكأن الشيطان همه الأول إفساد صلاة المؤمن عن طريق الوسوسة، وعن طريق إلغاء الخشوع فيها. وفي الخشوع في الصلاة، كما في حال التدبر، كلما زاد التركيز وطرد كل شيء يشغل الإنسان بالدنيا، زاد صفاء النفس. وقد دعا النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: (" اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ لاَ يَنْفَعُ وَمِنْ دُعَاءٍ لاَ يُسْمَعُ وَمِنْ قَلْبٍ لاَ يَخْشَعُ وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لاَ تَشْبَعُ ") [أخرجه الترمذي 3482 والنسائي 5442 عن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص، وصححهما الألباني]. (وبلوغ هذا الصفاء الروحي من خلال الخشوع هو غاية سرور المؤمن، كما قال النبي ﷺ: "وجعلت قرة عيني في الصلاة" سنن النسائي 3940، وصححه الألباني).
1. The Quranic Mark of True Triumph | فلاح المؤمنين بالخشوع في سورة المؤمنون
Allah inaugurates Surah Al-Mu'minun with a definitive proclamation of eternal victory: "Certainly will the believers have succeeded: they who are during their prayer humbly submissive" (23:1-2). Khushu' is celebrated as the premier defining characteristic of the heirs of Paradise.
قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ * الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ (سورة المؤمنون: 1-2)
افتتح الله تعالى سورة المؤمنون بالبشارة العظمى بالفلاح والفوز الأبدي؛ وجعل أول صفات هؤلاء الفائزين: {الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ}؛ ليدلل على أن الخشوع ليس كمالا ثانويا بل هو مفرق الطريق بين صلاة الروح وصلاة الأشباح.
2. The Inward Dimension: Heart Presence and Awe | خشوع القلب: استحضار العظمة وحضور البال
The inward core of Khushu' resides in the heart: feeling deep awe of standing before the Sovereign of the universe, purifying thoughts from worldly anxieties, and actively reflecting upon the meanings of the recited Quranic verses, supplications, and praises.
أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ اللَّـهِ (سورة الحديد: 16)
الخشوع يبدأ من مضغة القلب؛ بانكساره بين يدي جلال الله، وإفراغه من هموم التجارة والولد والشاغل الدنيوي، وتدبر معاني ما يتلوه اللسان من تسبيح وتحميد ودعاء؛ فإذا خشع القلب انقادت له سائر الجوارح طوعا.
3. The Outward Dimension: Physical Stillness and Focus | خشوع الجوارح: سكون الأركان وغض البصر
Inward reverence immediately reflects in bodily decorum: maintaining still limbs without fidgeting with clothes, lowering the gaze respectfully toward the place of prostration, avoiding scanning around, and pacing movements with majestic tranquility.
فَيُحْسِنُ وُضُوءَهَا وَخُشُوعَهَا وَرُكُوعَهَا (صحيح مسلم 228)
يترجم خشوع القلب ظاهريا بسكون الجوارح؛ فلا يلتفت يمنة ولا يسرة، ولا يعبث بملابسه أو لحيته، ولا يسابق الإمام؛ بل يثبت بصره خاشعا نحو موضع سجوده، وتستقر مفاصله في كل خفض ورفع بأناة وهدوء.
4. Proportionate Reward and Spiritual Elevation | تفاوت الأجر بحسب قدر الخشوع في الصلاة
Scholars note that a worshipper does not receive credit for their prayer equally; the Prophet warned that a person may finish prayer having recorded for them only one-tenth, one-ninth, or half of its reward (Abu Dawud 796, graded hasan by al-Albani), strictly corresponding to the level of mindful presence and Khushu' attained.
إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَنْصَرِفُ وَمَا كُتِبَ لَهُ إِلاَّ عُشْرُ صَلاَتِهِ (سنن أبي داود 796، وحسنه الألباني)
بين النبي ﷺ أن أجر الصلاة يتفاوت تفاوتا هائلا؛ فقد ينصرف العبد من صلاته وما كتب له إلا عشرها، أو تسعها، أو نصفها (أبو داود 796، وحسنه الألباني)؛ وإنما يكتب للعبد من صلاته ما عقل منها وتدبره قلبه؛ فالخشوع هو ميزان الثواب والقبول عند الله.
Scholarly Insight: Khushu' transforms mechanical bodily motions into a transcendent spiritual dialogue, providing the believer with an oasis of stillness amidst worldly storms. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Mu'minun.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What does "Khushu'" mean in Islamic prayer?
Heartfelt humility, presence of mind before Allah, and physical tranquility of bodily limbs.
Which Quranic verse explicitly ties ultimate success to humility in prayer?
Surah Al-Mu'minun (23:1-2): "Certainly will the believers have succeeded: they who are during their prayer humbly submissive."
Where should a worshipper direct their gaze during prayer to maintain Khushu'?
Toward the place of prostration (Sujud), keeping the gaze modest and focused.
How does Khushu' affect the reward of prayer?
The Prophet warned that a worshipper may receive only a fraction of the prayer's reward (Abu Dawud 796, graded hasan by al-Albani). Scholars explain the importance of heartfelt focus for that reward.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →