Why Was the Revelation Interrupted for a While, as Aisha's Hadith Says?
في حديث عائشة "ثم فتر الوحي عن رسول الله ....." ما معنى "فتر الوحي " و ما الحكمة من ذلك؟
Ibn Hajar said: The interruption of revelation was for a few days, so that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) may calm down after the terrifying experience he had when the Angel Jibril first appeared to him, and that he may long to meet the angel again. Then the angel appeared to him once more, seated on a chair between heaven and earth, and he gave him the glad tidings that he was truly the Messenger of Allah.
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw him, he feared him and went to Khadija, may Allah be pleased with her, and said: ” Wrap me! Wrap me” and Allah the Almighty revealed the following Ayah : (O you covered up ˹in your clothes˺! Arise and warn ˹all˺. Revere your Lord ˹alone˺. Purify your garments.) Al-Muddaththir 74:1-4.
قال ابن حجر: أن انقطاع الوحي أياما ، ليذهب الروع الذي أصاب الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم، وليحصل له الشوق إلى لقاء الملك مرة اخرى. ثم تبدى له الملك بين السماء والأرض على كرسي ، وثبته ، وبشره بأنه رسول الله حقا، فلما رآه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خاف منه وذهب إلى خديجة رضي الله عنها فقال: : زملوني.. زملوني، فأنزل الله تعالى:( يا أيها المدثر* قم فأنذر* وربك فكبر* وثيابك فطهر) المدثر:1-4.
1. Meaning and Duration of Fatrat al-Wahy | مفهوم فترة الوحي ومدتها الزمنية المحققة
In prophetic terminology, "Fatrat al-Wahy" refers to the temporary suspension of Gabriel's visits after the opening verses of Surah Al-'Alaq were revealed in Cave Hira. While weak historical reports suggest it lasted years, hadith scholars including Ibn Hajar held that the pause lasted only a few days.
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَىٰ (سورة الضحى: 3)
يُراد بفترة الوحي ذلك الانقطاع المؤقت لنزول جبريل عليه السلام بعد أول لقاء في غار حراء؛ وقد بين الإمام ابن حجر والمحققون أن مدة الانقطاع كانت أياماً معدودة وليست سنوات كما توهمت بعض الروايات الضعيفة، وكانت محطة تمهيد حاسمة.
2. Divine Wisdom: Psychological Calming and Eager Yearning | الحكمة الإلهية: سكون الروع وتأجيج الشوق لرسالة السماء
The sudden, overwhelming descent of the celestial angel in the dark solitude of Hira caused intense awe and physical trembling in the human vessel. Allah paused the visits so that the Prophet's mind could settle, the initial terror could dissolve, and his soul would develop deep longing to receive divine speech again.
وَلَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولَىٰ (سورة الضحى: 4)
كانت المفاجأة بلقاء الملك في ظلمة حراء هائلة زلزلت الكيان البشري للنبي الشريف؛ فاقتضت الحكمة الربانية أن ينقطع الوحي ريثما يسكن روعه ويزول فزعه، وليحل محل الخوف شوق جارف وتطلع روحي عميق لمعاودة الاتصال بالسماء.
3. The Resumption of Revelation and Surah Al-Muddaththir | عودة الملك وبدء التكليف بالإنذار في سورة المدثر
The pause ended dramatically when the Prophet, walking near Mecca, heard a voice from heaven. Looking up, he saw Gabriel seated upon a throne between heaven and earth. Overcome by awe, he retreated to his house asking Khadijah to wrap him in garments, whereupon Allah revealed: "O you who covers himself, arise and warn!"
يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ (سورة المدثر: 1-3)
انتهت فترة الوحي بحادثة مشهودة: إذ سمع النبي ﷺ صوتاً من السماء فرأى الملك جالساً على كرسي بين السماء والأرض؛ فخر إلى الأرض هيبة، ثم عاد لأهله قائلاً "زملوني زملوني"، فنزل قوله تعالى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ * قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ} لتبدأ مرحلة التبليغ.
4. Transition from Prophethood to Messengership | الانتقال من مقام النبوة إلى مقام الرسالة والبلاغ
Classical scholars note that Muhammad became a Prophet (Nabi) through the revelation of "Iqra" (Surah Al-'Alaq), receiving personal enlightenment. With the end of the pause and the revelation of "Qum fa-andhir" (Surah Al-Muddaththir), he became a Messenger (Rasul) tasked with active public warning and reform.
فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ (سورة الحجر: 94)
قرر أئمة الإسلام أن النبي ﷺ نُبِّئ بـ "اقرأ"؛ فصار نبياً يتلقى الوحي، ثم أُرسل بـ "المدثر"؛ فصار رسولاً مأموراً بالإنذار والصدع بالحق، فكانت فترة الوحي جسراً مباركاً فاصلاً بين مرتبتي الاصطفاء والتكليف العام.
Scholarly Insight: Jundab records another incident associated with interrupted revelation (Sahih al-Bukhari 4950): “The Messenger of Allah became ill and did not rise for night prayer for two or three nights. A woman came and said, "Muhammad, I hope your devil has left you. I have not seen him come near you for two or three nights."” See the beginning of the Prophet's revelation. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Muddaththir.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What does "Fatrat al-Wahy" mean?
It refers to the temporary interruption and suspension of revelation shortly after the first encounter in Cave Hira.
How long did the interruption of revelation last?
Authoritative hadith scholars like Ibn Hajar state that it lasted only a few days.
What was the divine wisdom behind pausing the revelation?
To allow the initial fear to subside from the Prophet's heart and to cultivate an eager longing for Gabriel's return.
Which Surah resumed the descent of revelation?
Surah Al-Muddaththir, commanding the Prophet: "O you who covers himself [with a garment], Arise and warn!"
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →