How Many Prayers Should a Muslim Pray in One Day? What Are They?
كم صلاة يجب على المسلم أن يصليها في اليوم؟ وما هي؟
There are 5 prayers a day. Dawn (al-Fajr), noon (al-Dhuhr), afternoon (al-Asr), when the sun sets (al-Maghrib) and evening prayers (al-Isha).
(Observe the ˹five obligatory˺ prayers, especially the middle prayer, and stand in true devotion to Allah.) [Al-Baqarah 2:238]
(Observe the prayer from the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night and the dawn prayer, for certainly the dawn prayer is witnessed ˹by angels˺.) [Al-Isra 17:78]
Note: The earlier published English gave here the wording of another verse, An-Nisa 4:103, under the number of Al-Isra 17:78; the translation of 17:78 is now given.
خمس صلوات، وهي: الفجر، الظهر، العصر، المغرب، العشاء.
(حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ) [البقرة 2: 238]
(أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا) [الإسراء 17: 78]
ملاحظة: جاء في الترجمة الإنجليزية المنشورة سابقا نص الآية الثالثة بعد المئة من سورة النساء تحت رقم الآية الثامنة والسبعين من سورة الإسراء، فصححت الترجمة.
1. From the Decline of the Sun to the Dawn Prayer | أقم الصلاة لدلوك الشمس إلى غسق الليل وقرآن الفجر
Observe the prayer from the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night and the dawn prayer (17:78). Ibn Kathir explains that if the decline of the sun means its passing the zenith, the times of the five prayers are included in the verse: from the decline of the sun to the darkness of night (and it was also said: to sunset) come Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha, and the dawn recitation is the Fajr prayer; and the Sunnah has passed on the details of these times by mass transmission. See the times of the day mentioned in the Quran.
أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ (سورة الإسراء: 78)
قال تعالى: (أقم الصلاة لدلوك الشمس إلى غسق الليل وقرآن الفجر) (الإسراء 17: 78)، قال ابن كثير بعد أن ذكر القول بأن دلوك الشمس زوالها: فعلى هذا تكون هذه الآية دخل فيها أوقات الصلاة الخمسة، فمن قوله: (لدلوك الشمس إلى غسق الليل) وهو: ظلامه، وقيل: غروب الشمس، أخذ منه الظهر والعصر والمغرب والعشاء، وقوله تعالى: (وقرآن الفجر) يعني صلاة الفجر، وقد ثبتت السنة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم تواترا من أفعاله وأقواله بتفاصيل هذه الأوقات.
2. The Time of Each Prayer | وقت الظهر إذا زالت الشمس
The Prophet said: The time of Dhuhr is when the sun has passed its height, and it lasts until a man’s shadow is as long as he is, as long as Asr has not come; the time of Asr is until the sun turns yellow; the time of Maghrib is until the twilight has gone; the time of Isha is until the middle of the night; and the time of the dawn prayer is from dawn until the sun rises (Sahih Muslim 612).
قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "وقت الظهر إذا زالت الشمس وكان ظل الرجل كطوله ما لم يحضر العصر، ووقت العصر ما لم تصفر الشمس، ووقت صلاة المغرب ما لم يغب الشفق، ووقت صلاة العشاء إلى نصف الليل الأوسط، ووقت صلاة الصبح من طلوع الفجر ما لم تطلع الشمس" (صحيح مسلم 612).
3. The Middle Prayer | حافظوا على الصلوات والصلاة الوسطى
Observe the five obligatory prayers, especially the middle prayer, and stand in true devotion to Allah (2:238). Ibn Kathir sets out the views on the middle prayer and gives the evidence of those who say it is Asr: on the day of the Confederates the Prophet said: They kept us from the middle prayer, the Asr prayer; may Allah fill their houses and graves with fire (Sahih Muslim 627). On a journey four-rak’ah prayers are shortened, as explained in how a traveler prays.
حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ (سورة البقرة: 238)
قال تعالى: (حافظوا على الصلوات والصلاة الوسطى وقوموا لله قانتين) (البقرة 2: 238)، وقد ذكر ابن كثير الأقوال في الصلاة الوسطى وأدلة من قال إنها العصر: قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم الأحزاب: "شغلونا عن الصلاة الوسطى صلاة العصر، ملأ الله بيوتهم وقبورهم نارا" (صحيح مسلم 627). وتقصر الصلاة الرباعية في السفر.
4. A River at Your Door | فذلك مثل الصلوات الخمس
The Prophet said: Tell me, if there were a river at the door of one of you and he bathed in it five times every day, would any dirt remain on him? They said: No dirt would remain. He said: That is the likeness of the five prayers: by them Allah wipes away sins (Sahih al-Bukhari 528). Prayer’s place in Islam is explained in the ruling on salah.
قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "أرأيتم لو أن نهرا بباب أحدكم، يغتسل فيه كل يوم خمسا، ما تقول ذلك يبقي من درنه؟"، قالوا: لا يبقي من درنه شيئا، قال: "فذلك مثل الصلوات الخمس، يمحو الله بها الخطايا" (صحيح البخاري 528).
Scholarly Insight: The dawn prayer is witnessed: the Prophet said: Prayer in congregation is twenty-five degrees better than prayer alone, and the angels of the night and the angels of the day gather at the dawn prayer; and Abu Hurayrah said: recite if you wish: for certainly the dawn prayer is witnessed (Sahih al-Bukhari 4717); Ibn Kathir cites it under 17:78. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Isra.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How many prayers does a Muslim pray in one day?
Five: Fajr at dawn, Dhuhr at noon, Asr in the afternoon, Maghrib at sunset, and Isha in the evening.
In which verse are the times of the five prayers included?
Allah says: Observe the prayer from the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night and the dawn prayer (17:78), and Ibn Kathir explains that, if the decline of the sun means its passing the zenith, the times of all five prayers are included in the verse.
What is the middle prayer?
The Prophet called it the Asr prayer on the day of the Confederates (Sahih Muslim 627).
What do the five prayers do for a Muslim?
They are like bathing in a river five times a day: by them Allah wipes away sins (Sahih al-Bukhari 528).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →