How Did Yaqoub React to the News About Benjamin and Reuben?
ما موقف نبي الله يعقوب عليه السلام مما قاله أبناؤه؟
First: when they returned to their father and told him the news of his son Benjamin (Yusuf’s brother) and his eldest son (Rubin), his grief intensified and he blamed them as he did the first time. His grief for Yusuf was evident. ‘He cried, “No! Your souls must have tempted you to do something ˹evil˺. So ˹I am left with nothing but˺ beautiful patience!”
Second: Yaqoub pbuh called on his Lord, Almighty, to bring back to him, Yusuf, Benjamin, and the eldest son Robin, “I trust Allah will return them all to me. Surely He ˹alone˺ is the All-Knowing, All-Wise.”, He is the One who knows my situation and my need to end the anguish, and my need for His Kindness, and everything in this life happens with His Wisdom.
Third: Yaqoub’s grief intensified and due to his grief for his children, he sat alone and cried for losing Yusuf until he went blind, and his heart was filled with sadness.
Fourth: when the children saw their father’s sadness, they were surprised and said to him, “You still remember Yusuf, and you will still remember him until you get a fatal disease or you actually die, and then you will not be able to see Yusuf.
Fifth: Yaqoub gave them two answers, and then : one command
The first is that “He replied, “I complain of my anguish and sorrow only to Allah,” Anguish is a great concern that one has, which is to think about the harmful thing and sadness: regret for what has passed. He tells them to complain to Allah alone and as long as it is to Allah, for it is He Who answers the prayers.
Second, “and I know from Allah what you do not know.” that Allah will bring them back and I will meet with them again.
As for the command: he ordered them to search diligently for Yusuf and his brother Benjamin, yet they have to trust Allah and ask His Mercy. “O, my sons! Go and search ˹diligently˺ for Joseph and his brother. And do not lose hope in the mercy of Allah, for no one loses hope in Allah’s mercy except those with no faith.” (Yusuf 12: 83-87)
He said: ” And do not lose hope in the mercy of Allah”, because hope requires that man seeks and strives, but with despair comes idleness and laziness. The greatest hope sought by the faithful person is for Allah’s Grace and Mercy. As for the disbeliever, he is excluded from the mercy of his Lord, ” for no one loses hope in Allah’s mercy except those with no faith.,” which indicates that the level of one’s hope for Allah’s Mercy depends on his faith.
أولاً: لما رجعوا إلى أبيهم وأخبروه بخبر ابنه بنيامين (شقيق يوسف) وابنه الأكبر (روبين)، اشتد حزنه وتضاعف واتهمهم أيضا في هذه القضية، كما اتهمهم في الأولى، وظهر ما كان في قلبه من حزن على يوسف. “قَالَ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْرًا فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ”
ثانيًا: دعا يعقوب ربه-عز وجل- أن يأتيه يوسف وبنيامين والابن الأكبر روبن “عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعًا إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ” فهو الذي يعلم بحالي واحتياجي إلى تفريج الكربة ومنَّته، واضطراري إلى إحسانه، وكل شيء يجري في هذه الحياة بحكمته-سبحانه وتعالى-.
ثالثًا: اشتد حزن يعقوب ولشدة حزنه على أبنائه اعتزل الجميع وجعل يبكي متأسفًا على فقده ليوسف حتى أصابه العمى لكثرة بكائه عليه، وقلبه مملوء حزنًا.
رابعًا: لما رأى الأبناء حزن أبيهم الشديد تعجبوا من حاله فقالوا له لا زلت تذكر يوسف وستبقى تذكره حتى يصبك المرض الشديد الذي يؤدي بك إلى الهلاك، أو تموت فعلاً ولن تدرك يوسف-عليه السلام-.
خامسًا: أجابهم يعقوب بجوابين، ثم أمرهم بأمر
الأول: “إِنَّمَا أَشْكُو بَثِّي وَحُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ” والبث هو الهم الشديد الذي اعتراه، وهو التفكير في الشيء المسيء، والحزن: الأسف على فائت، فهو يقول لهم الشكاية إلى الله وما دامت إلى الله فهو من يجيب الدعاء ويجبر الكسر.
الثاني: “وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لا تَعْلَمُونَ” من أن الله سيردهم علي وسأجتمع معهم ويقر عيني بذلك.
أما الأمر: فقد أمرهم بالاجتهاد والحرص في التفتيش عن يوسف وعن أخيه بنيامين، ومع ذلك فعليهم الثقة بالله وبحصول رحمته، “يَا بَنِيَّ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَأَخِيهِ وَلا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلا الْقَوْمُ الْكَافِرُونَ” (سورة يوسف: 83-87)
وقوله: “وَلا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ”، لأن الرجاء يوجب للعبد السعي والاجتهاد فيما رجاه، أما اليأس فيحصل معه التثاقل والتباطؤ، وأعظم ما يرجوه العبد المؤمن فضل الله وإحسانه ورحمته، أما الكافر فإنه لكفره يستبعد رحمة ربه، والرحمة بعيدة منه لكفره بالله-عز وجل-، “إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلا الْقَوْمُ الْكَافِرُونَ”، وهذا يدل على أنه بحسب إيمان العبد يكون رجاؤه لرحمة الله وروحه.
1. The Same Patience, a Second Time | الصبر الجميل نفسه في المرة الثانية
Yaqoub answers this second loss with the very same phrase he used the first time he lost Yusuf (see Yaqoub’s reaction to what his sons first told him), beautiful patience. Repeating the same response rather than reacting differently under a heavier blow shows this patience was a settled principle for him, not a reaction produced only by the first shock.
يجيب يعقوب عن هذه الخسارة الثانية بالعبارة نفسها التي استخدمها أول مرة حين فقد يوسف (انظر مقال رد فعل يعقوب على ما أخبره أبناؤه أولا)، صبر جميل. وتكرار الرد نفسه بدلا من التفاعل بشكل مختلف أمام ضربة أثقل يبين أن هذا الصبر كان مبدأ راسخا لديه، لا مجرد رد فعل أنتجته الصدمة الأولى فقط.
2. Grief That Never Became Despair | حزن لم يتحول إلى يأس
Yaqoub’s weeping was real and severe enough to cost him his sight, yet the Ayat pair that grief directly with an active supplication asking Allah to return all three sons together. Scholars point to this combination as the model the passage is teaching, that permitting oneself to grieve deeply is fully compatible with never surrendering hope in Allah.
كان بكاء يعقوب حقيقيا وشديدا لدرجة أن كلّفه بصره، لكن الآيات تقرن هذا الحزن مباشرة بدعاء فاعل يسأل الله إعادة أبنائه الثلاثة معا. ويشير العلماء إلى هذا الجمع بوصفه النموذج الذي يعلمه المقطع، أن السماح للنفس بالحزن العميق يتوافق تماما مع عدم التخلي أبدا عن الأمل في الله.
3. Complaining to Allah Alone | الشكوى إلى الله وحده
When his sons questioned why he still mourned Yusuf after so many years, Yaqoub did not answer by defending himself to them. He told them plainly that he directed his complaint to Allah alone. This same declaration became the basis for how his supplication is remembered elsewhere on this site (see the supplication of the Messengers), and here it is shown in its full narrative setting, as a direct answer to his own sons’ doubt.
حين تساءل أبناؤه عن سبب استمرار حزنه على يوسف بعد كل هذه السنوات، لم يجب يعقوب بالدفاع عن نفسه أمامهم. بل أخبرهم صراحة أنه يوجه شكواه إلى الله وحده. وأصبح هذا التصريح نفسه أساسا لكيفية تذكّر دعائه في موضع آخر من هذا الموقع (انظر مقال دعاء الرسل)، وهنا يُعرض في سياقه السردي الكامل، بوصفه ردا مباشرا على شك أبنائه أنفسهم.
4. Knowledge That Kept Hope Alive | علم أبقى الأمل حيا
Yaqoub tells his sons he knows from Allah what they do not know, a quiet statement of certainty rather than a claim to hidden knowledge of the unseen in a general sense. Commentators read it as Yaqoub’s prophetic insight, or simply his unwavering trust, that Yusuf was still alive, an assurance that shaped everything he did next.
يخبر يعقوب أبناءه أنه يعلم من الله ما لا يعلمون، وهو تصريح هادئ باليقين لا ادعاء بمعرفة الغيب بمعنى عام. ويقرأه المفسرون بصيرة نبوية ليعقوب، أو ببساطة ثقته الثابتة، بأن يوسف لا يزال حيا، وهو يقين شكّل كل ما فعله بعد ذلك.
5. A Command Built on Never Losing Hope | أمر قائم على عدم اليأس
Yaqoub’s instruction to search for Yusuf and Benjamin is immediately followed by a warning against despair, since, as he explains, only those without faith despair of Allah’s mercy. The command to search and the command not to despair are given together, showing that in his view, effort and hope were meant to work as one, not as two separate attitudes.
تعقب توجيه يعقوب بالبحث عن يوسف وبنيامين مباشرة تحذير من اليأس، إذ يوضح أن اليأس من رحمة الله لا يقع إلا ممن لا إيمان له. ويأتي أمر البحث وأمر عدم اليأس معا، مما يبين أنه في نظره كان الجهد والأمل مقصودين ليعملا كواحد، لا كموقفين منفصلين.
Scholarly Insight: Surah Yusuf 12:83-87 records Yaqoub’s grief, his supplication, his declaration that he complains only to Allah, and his command to his sons to search for Yusuf and Benjamin without ever losing hope in Allah’s mercy. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah Yusuf.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How did Yaqoub react to losing Benjamin and Reuben as well?
He responded with the same beautiful patience he showed after losing Yusuf, then prayed that Allah would return all three of his sons.
Why did Yaqoub lose his sight?
He wept so much and so long over the loss of Yusuf that his eyes turned white with grief.
To whom did Yaqoub say he complained about his grief?
He told his sons he complained of his anguish and sorrow only to Allah.
What did Yaqoub command his sons to do?
He told them to go and search diligently for Yusuf and Benjamin, and never to lose hope in Allah’s mercy.
Which verses of the Quran describe this scene?
Surah Yusuf 12:83-87.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →