How Many Children Did Prophet Yaqoub Have?
كم عدد أولاد النبي يعقوب عليه السلام؟
He had twelve sons (Note: the original answer said eleven sons; eleven is the number of Yusuf’s brothers, and with Yusuf himself Yaqoub had twelve sons, so this has been corrected).
كان عددهم اثني عشر ولدا (ملاحظة: ورد في الجواب الأصلي أنهم أحد عشر ولدا، وأحد عشر هو عدد إخوة يوسف، ومع يوسف نفسه يكون أبناء يعقوب اثني عشر، فصُحّح).
1. Eleven Brothers, Twelve Sons in Total | أحد عشر أخا، واثنا عشر ابنا في المجموع
Yusuf had eleven brothers, so with Yusuf himself Yaqoub’s sons numbered twelve. This detail matters because it directly matches the opening scene of the surah, Yusuf’s dream of eleven celestial bodies bowing to him, a number the exegetes explain as his eleven brothers, as Ibn Kathir reports; 12:100 shows the dream fulfilled.
كان ليوسف أحد عشر أخا، فيكون أبناء يعقوب مع يوسف نفسه اثني عشر. ويهم هذا التفصيل لأنه يطابق مباشرة المشهد الافتتاحي للسورة، رؤيا يوسف بأحد عشر كوكبا يسجدون له، وهو عدد فسره المفسرون بإخوته الأحد عشر كما نقل ابن كثير، وتُظهر الآية 100 من سورة يوسف تحقق الرؤيا.
2. The Dream That Named the Number | الرؤيا التي حددت العدد
“When Joseph said to his father, ‘O my dear father! Indeed I dreamt of eleven stars, and the sun, and the moon, I dreamt of them prostrating to me!'” (Surah Yusuf 12:4). Later in the surah, when the family is finally reunited, Yusuf’s parents and eleven brothers together prostrate to him, fulfilling the dream, as Yusuf said, “O my dear father! This is the interpretation of my old dream” (12:100).
“إِذْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَبِيهِ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ لِي سَاجِدِينَ” (سورة يوسف 12:4). لاحقا في السورة، حين تلتئم الأسرة أخيرا، يسجد والدا يوسف وإخوته الأحد عشر له معا، محققين الرؤيا، كما قال يوسف: “يا أبت هذا تأويل رؤياي من قبل” (يوسف: 100).
3. Twelve Sons Who Became Twelve Tribes | اثنا عشر ابنا صاروا اثني عشر سبطا
Yaqoub’s twelve sons are the ancestors of the twelve tribes (asbat) of the Children of Israel, a lineage the Quran refers to directly elsewhere: “We divided them into twelve tribes, distinct communities” (Surah Al-A’raf 7:160), describing the nation descended from Yaqoub’s twelve sons. Who the twelve tribes are is explained in who the twelve tribes (al-Asbat) are.
أبناء يعقوب الاثنا عشر هم أسلاف الأسباط الاثني عشر لبني إسرائيل، نسب يشير إليه القرآن مباشرة في موضع آخر: “وَقَطَّعْنَاهُمُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أَسْبَاطًا أُمَمًا” (سورة الأعراف 7:160)، واصفا الأمة المنحدرة من أبناء يعقوب الاثني عشر.
Scholarly Insight: Al-Baghawi preserves this genealogical account of Yaqoub’s children (12:7): “Their names were Rubil, the eldest, Shim’un, Lawi, Yahudha, Zabalun, also said to be Zablun, and Ashar. Their mother was Liya daughter of Liyan, Yaqoub’s maternal cousin. Two concubines, one named Zilfa and the other Yilhama, bore him four children: Dan, Naftali, also said to be Naftuli, Jad, and Ashir. Then Liya died and Yaqoub married her sister Rahil, who bore him Yusuf and Binyamin.” See Yusuf’s father and prophetic lineage. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah Yusuf.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How many sons did Prophet Yaqoub have?
Twelve in total: Yusuf and eleven brothers.
Where does the number eleven come from in the Quran?
From Yusuf’s dream in Surah Yusuf 12:4, where he saw eleven stars bowing to him, representing his eleven brothers.
What became of Yaqoub’s twelve sons?
They became the ancestors of the twelve tribes of the Children of Israel.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →