Who Were the Prophet's (PBUH) Foster Brothers Through Nursing?
من هم اخوان الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم من الرضاعة؟
Abdullah ibn al-Harith, Anisah bint al-Harith, Judhamah bint al-Harith, who is al-Shaimaa, and his uncle Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, a half brother of the Prophet from nursing from the same suckling wet-nurse, on the one hand Thuwaiba, and on the other hand Halima al-Saadiyah.
عبدالله بن الحارث، وأنيسة بنت الحارث، جذامة بنت الحارث، وهي الشيماء، وعمه حمزة بن عبد المطلب، وهو رضيع الرسول من وجهين ، من جهة ثويبة، ومن جهة حليمة السعدية.
1. Foster Siblings from Halimah al-Sa'diyyah | إخوته من الرضاعة من بني سعد
During his infancy among the Banu Sa'd, Muhammad grew up alongside the biological children of Halimah and her husband Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Uzza: Abdullah, Anisah, and Judhamah (honoured as Al-Shaima). Al-Shaima lovingly helped carry and care for baby Muhammad in the desert.
وَأَخَوَاتُكُم مِّنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ (سورة النساء: 23)
في بادية بني سعد، نشأ النبي ﷺ مع أبناء حليمة وزوجها الحارث بن عبد العزى وهم: عبد الله، وأنيسة، وجُذامة ولقبها الشهير الشيماء. وكانت الشيماء تحضنه وتلاعبه وترعاه بحنان ومودة.
2. Foster Brothers from Thuwaybah | إخوته من الرضاعة من ثويبة مولاة أبي لهب
Through Thuwaybah, the Prophet had two notable foster brothers: his uncle Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib (making Hamzah both his uncle and foster brother) and Abu Salamah Abdullah ibn Abd al-Asad, one of the earliest righteous companions to embrace Islam.
إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِخْوَةٌ (سورة الحجرات: 10)
من جهة ثويبة، كان له أخوان جليلان: عمه حمزة بن عبد المطلب أسد الله، وأبو سلمة بن عبد الأسد المخزومي السابق إلى الإسلام، فاجتمعت لحمزة قرابة النسب وقرابة الرضاع.
3. The Reunion with Al-Shaima After the Battle of Hunayn | لقاؤه المؤثر بأخته الشيماء يوم حنين
Decades later, after the Battle of Hunayn, Al-Shaima was brought among the captives of Hawazin. When she proved her identity by showing a bite mark from childhood playfully made while carrying him, the Prophet recognized her, wept, spread his cloak for her to sit on, and granted her freedom and gifts.
وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ (سورة القلم: 4)
بعد غزوة حنين وقعت الشيماء في السبي، فعرّفت بنفسها وأرته أثراً قديماً، فعرفها النبي ﷺ وبكى، وبسط لها رداءه الشريف لتجلس عليه، وخيرها بين الإقامة مكرمة عنده أو العودة لقومها معززة معافاة.
4. Legal Status of Foster Kinship in Islam | منزلة الرضاع وأحكامه في الفقه الإسلامي
In Islamic jurisprudence, suckling within the first two years establishes full mahram kinship. A foster brother enjoys the sanctity of a biological sibling regarding modesty, marriage prohibition, and respectful familial relations, while preserving separate financial inheritance lines.
وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ (سورة البقرة: 233)
رسخ الإسلام حرمة الرضاع في الأحكام الشرعية؛ فالرضاع في الحولين ينشر الحرمة كحرمة النسب تماماً، فيصير الرضيع ولداً للمرضعة وأخاً لأبنائها في المحرمية والنظر دون التوارث.
5. Exemplary Model of Enduring Familial Loyalty | الأسوة النبوية في الوفاء لروابط الطفولة
The Prophet's deep affection for his foster siblings illustrates that bonds forged through compassion and nursing deserve lifelong respect. He honoured the tribe of Banu Sa'd, and their foster kinship was among the reasons he returned thousands of Hawazin captives after the Battle of Hunayn.
هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ (سورة الرحمن: 60)
جسد تعامل النبي ﷺ مع إخوته من الرضاعة نموذجاً سامياً في الوفاء؛ وكانت قرابة الرضاع من بني سعد من أسباب إطلاقه سبايا هوازن بعد حنين، وهم آلاف.
Scholarly Insight: The Prophet's tender treatment of his foster sister Al-Shaima exemplifies how Islam elevates foster relationships to sacred familial bonds. Read more in the tafsir of Surah An-Nisa.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
Who were the Prophet's foster brothers and sisters from Halimah?
Abdullah, Anisah, and Judhamah (Al-Shaima), the biological children of Halimah and Al-Harith.
Who were his foster brothers through Thuwaybah?
His paternal uncle Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Asad.
How did the Prophet receive his foster sister Al-Shaima when she met him at Hunayn?
He recognized her, wept with emotion, spread out his cloak for her to sit on, and gave her freedom and rich gifts.
What does Islamic law rule concerning breastfeeding brotherhood?
It establishes permanent marriage prohibition and mahram status just like biological kinship (Sahih al-Bukhari 2645).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →