What Is the Last Day?
ما هو اليوم الآخر؟
It is the day when Allah resurrects all His creations to call them to account, called the Hereafter. It is the last day, and there is no day after it. It is also called the Day of Judgment because Allah will hold people accountable for their actions in this world; those who do good deeds will be admitted to Jannah, but those who do bad deeds and disobey Allah, will be admitted to Hell-Fire. It is the day when worldly life will be over for all people. Furthermore, it is called the Day of Resurrection, because on it people will rise from their graves for reckoning.
هو اليوم الذي يبعث الله فيه الخلائق للحساب، وسمي بالآخرة لأنه لا يوم بعده، ويسمى يوم الحساب لأن الله يحاسب فيه الناس على ما قدموا من أعمال في هذه الدنيا، فمن عمل خيراً يدخله الجنة، ومن عمل شرا وعصى الله يدخله النار، وهو اليوم الذي تنتهي فيه الحياة الدنيا بالنسبة لجميع الناس، ويسمى أيضا يوم القيامة، أي اليوم الذي يقوم فيه الناس من قبورهم من أجل الحساب.
1. The Hour Is Coming, No Doubt About It | وأن الساعة آتية لا ريب فيها
Allah says: And certainly the Hour is coming, there is no doubt about it. And Allah will surely resurrect those in the graves (22:7). Ibn Kathir explains: it will surely happen, with no doubt about it; He brings them back after they have become decayed bones in their graves and brings them into being after they were nothing, as He answers the one who asked who will give life to decayed bones: Say, They will be revived by the One Who produced them the first time (36:79). When it will come is explained in when the Day of Judgment is.
وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَّا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَن فِي الْقُبُورِ (سورة الحج: 7)
قال تعالى: (وأن الساعة آتية لا ريب فيها وأن الله يبعث من في القبور) (الحج 22: 7)، قال ابن كثير: أي: كائنة لا شك فيها ولا مرية، (وأن الله يبعث من في القبور) أي: يعيدهم بعد ما صاروا في قبورهم رمما، ويوجدهم بعد العدم، كما قال تعالى: (قال من يحيي العظام وهي رميم قل يحييها الذي أنشأها أول مرة وهو بكل خلق عليم) (يس 36: 78-79).
2. The Day People Stand Before the Lord of the Worlds | يوم يقوم الناس لرب العالمين
It is called the Day of Resurrection (Qiyamah) because people rise and stand on it: the Day all people will stand before the Lord of all worlds (83:6). Ibn Kathir explains: they stand barefoot, naked and uncircumcised, in a place that is hard, tight and narrow for the wrongdoer. The Prophet said of this verse: until one of them is submerged in his sweat up to the middle of his ears (Sahih al-Bukhari 4938).
يَوْمَ يَقُومُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (سورة المطففين: 6)
وسمي يوم القيامة لأن الناس يقومون فيه. قال تعالى: (يوم يقوم الناس لرب العالمين) (المطففين 83: 6)، قال ابن كثير: أي: يقومون حفاة عراة غرلا، في موقف صعب حرج ضيق ضنك على المجرم. وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "(يوم يقوم الناس لرب العالمين) حتى يغيب أحدهم في رشحه إلى أنصاف أذنيه" (صحيح البخاري 4938).
3. The Day of Reckoning | بما نسوا يوم الحساب
Allah warned even Dawud, a prophet and a ruler, to judge with truth: Surely those who go astray from Allah’s Way will suffer a severe punishment for neglecting the Day of Reckoning (38:26). Ibn Kathir explains that Allah threatened whoever strays from His way and forgets the Day of Reckoning with a firm threat and a severe punishment, and he prefers the reading of as-Suddi: for leaving off working for the Day of Reckoning. What happens on that Day is explained in what the Day of Reckoning is.
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِمَا نَسُوا يَوْمَ الْحِسَابِ (سورة ص: 26)
أمر الله تعالى داود عليه السلام، وهو نبي وحاكم، أن يحكم بالحق، وحذّره. قال تعالى: (إن الذين يضلون عن سبيل الله لهم عذاب شديد بما نسوا يوم الحساب) (ص 38: 26)، قال ابن كثير: وقد توعد تعالى من ضل عن سبيله، وتناسى يوم الحساب، بالوعيد الأكيد والعذاب الشديد، وقال السدي: لهم عذاب شديد بما تركوا أن يعملوا ليوم الحساب، قال ابن كثير: وهذا القول أمشى على ظاهر الآية.
4. Belief in the Last Day Is Part of Faith | واليوم الآخر
Belief in the Last Day is one of the pillars of faith. When Jibril asked about faith, the Prophet said: That you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers and the Last Day, and that you believe in the divine decree, its good and its evil (Sahih Muslim 8). Allah says: Rather, the righteous are those who believe in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Books, and the prophets (2:177). All the pillars are explained in the pillars of faith.
وَلَٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ (سورة البقرة: 177)
الإيمان باليوم الآخر ركن من أركان الإيمان. قال تعالى: (ولكن البر من آمن بالله واليوم الآخر والملائكة والكتاب والنبيين) (البقرة 2: 177)، وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لما سأله جبريل عن الإيمان: "أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الآخر وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره" (صحيح مسلم 8).
Scholarly Insight: The One who created the first time can bring back: Ibn Kathir answers the question of how decayed bones can live again with the verse: Say, They will be revived by the One Who produced them the first time, for He has perfect knowledge of every created being (36:79), and he adds that the verses on this are many (22:7). Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Hajj.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What is the Last Day?
The day when Allah resurrects all creation to call them to account, and worldly life ends for all people.
Why is it called the Hereafter?
Because it is the last day, and there is no day after it.
Why is it called the Day of Resurrection?
Because on it people rise from their graves for the reckoning, the Day all people will stand before the Lord of all worlds (83:6).
Is belief in the Last Day part of faith?
Yes. The Prophet named it among the pillars of faith: that you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers and the Last Day (Sahih Muslim 8).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →