What Is the Definition of Trustworthiness (Amanah)?
ما تعريف الأمانة في الإسلام؟
What is the definition of trustworthiness?
The answer defines trustworthiness (amanah) in language as truthfulness and sincerity in doing a thing and keeping one's covenant, and in the Sharia as everything a person must fulfil and preserve, which covers all the religion has commanded, such as prayer, fasting, and zakat, and keeping secrets.
1. The Linguistic Meaning
Trustworthiness means honesty and sincerity in doing something. Linguistically, it also heavily emphasizes the fulfillment of one's promises and covenants, ensuring that a person's word is entirely reliable.
2. The Islamic Terminology
Trustworthiness in Islam is all that a person must perform and preserve. It represents a heavy moral and religious responsibility placed upon the shoulders of the believer, requiring constant mindfulness and dedication.
3. The Comprehensive Scope
It includes all the provisions of the Islamic religion and the orders and legislation such as prayer, fasting, zakat, and keeping secrets entrusted to someone. Every physical duty, financial obligation, and spoken word falls under the umbrella of divine trustworthiness.
ما تعريف الأمانة في الإسلام؟
يعرف الجواب الأمانة في اللغة بأنها الصدق والإخلاص في فعل الشيء والوفاء بالعهد، وفي الاصطلاح بأنها كل ما يلزم الإنسان أداؤه وحفظه، وتشمل كل ما شرعه الدين كالصلاة والصيام والزكاة وحفظ الأسرار وكتمانها.
المعنى اللغوي
الأمانة في اللغة: يقصد بها الصدق والإخلاص في فعل الشيء، والوفاء بالعهد. وهذا يضمن أن تكون كلمة الإنسان موثوقة تماما كأفعاله.
المعنى الاصطلاحي
الأمانة في الاصطلاح: هي كل ما يلزم على الإنسان أداؤه وحفظه. وهي تمثل مسؤولية أخلاقية ودينية عظيمة ملقاة على عاتق المؤمن، وتتطلب يقظة وتفانيا دائمين.
الشمولية في الدين
وتشمل الأمانة في الإسلام جميع ما نص عليه الدين الإسلامي وما شرعه من أوامر وتشريعات، كالصلاة والصيام والزكاة، وحفظ الأسرار وكتمانها. فكل واجب بدني والتزام مالي وكلمة منطوقة يندرج تحت مظلة الأمانة الإلهية.
1. The Trust Offered to the Heavens | عرضنا الأمانة
Allah says: We offered the trust to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains, and they declined to bear it and feared it, but man bore it (Al-Ahzab 33:72). Ibn Kathir reports from Ibn Abbas that the trust means obedience, and in another narration: the trust is the obligations, offered to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains, with reward if they fulfilled them and punishment if they neglected them; they declined out of reverence, not disobedience. This matches the answer's definition: everything a person must fulfil and preserve.
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الْأَمَانَةَ عَلَى السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالْجِبَالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَن يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَأَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا الْإِنسَانُ (سورة الأحزاب: 72)
قال تعالى: إنا عرضنا الأمانة على السماوات والأرض والجبال فأبين أن يحملنها وأشفقن منها وحملها الإنسان (الأحزاب 33:72). نقل ابن كثير عن ابن عباس: "يعني بالأمانة: الطاعة"، وفي رواية: "الأمانة: الفرائض، عرضها الله على السماوات والأرض والجبال، إن أدوها أثابهم. وإن ضيعوها عذبهم". وهذا يوافق تعريف الجواب: كل ما يلزم الإنسان أداؤه وحفظه.
2. When Trust Is Lost, Await the Hour | إذا ضيعت الأمانة
A Bedouin asked the Prophet when the Hour would come. He said: When the trust is lost, await the Hour. The man asked: How is it lost? He said: When authority is given to those not fit for it, await the Hour (Sahih al-Bukhari 59). Placing responsibility in unqualified hands is itself a betrayal of trust.
سأل أعرابي النبي ﷺ: متى الساعة؟ فقال: "فإذا ضيعت الأمانة فانتظر الساعة"، قال: كيف إضاعتها؟ قال: "إذا وسد الأمر إلى غير أهله فانتظر الساعة" (صحيح البخاري 59).
3. Trust Settled in the Roots of Hearts | نزلت في جذر قلوب الرجال
Hudhayfah said: The Messenger of Allah told us that the trust came down into the roots of men's hearts, then they learned from the Quran, then they learned from the Sunnah; and he told us of its removal, that a man sleeps and the trust is taken from his heart, leaving only a trace (Sahih al-Bukhari 6497). The trust is first a disposition of the heart, then shaped by revelation.
قال حذيفة رضي الله عنه: حدثنا رسول الله ﷺ "أن الأمانة نزلت في جذر قلوب الرجال، ثم علموا من القرآن، ثم علموا من السنة"، وحدثنا عن رفعها قال: "ينام الرجل النومة فتقبض الأمانة من قلبه، فيظل أثرها مثل أثر الوكت" (صحيح البخاري 6497).
Scholarly Insight: Ibn Abbas explained the trust of Al-Ahzab 33:72, which the heavens, earth, and mountains declined and man bore, as obedience and the obligations (Tafsir Ibn Kathir), which is the answer's definition. The Prophet said that when trust is lost and authority given to the unfit, the Hour is near (Sahih al-Bukhari 59), and that the trust came down into the roots of men's hearts before they learned the Quran and Sunnah (Sahih al-Bukhari 6497). Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Ahzab.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What does amanah (trustworthiness) mean?
The answer defines it in language as truthfulness, sincerity, and keeping one's covenant, and in the Sharia as everything a person must fulfil and preserve.
What is the trust mentioned in Al-Ahzab 33:72?
Ibn Abbas explained it as obedience and the obligations, which the heavens, earth, and mountains declined to bear and man bore (Tafsir Ibn Kathir).
Are prayer and keeping secrets part of the trust?
Yes. The answer says the trust covers everything the religion commands, such as prayer, fasting, and zakat, and keeping secrets.
What happens when trust is lost?
The Prophet said: when the trust is lost, await the Hour, and explained its loss as giving authority to those not fit for it (Sahih al-Bukhari 59).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →