Is Faith Sufficient Without Good Deeds?
هل يكفي الإيمان بدون عمل صالح؟
Faith is words, deeds, and belief. Deeds are a part of faith, which increases and decreases. Allah the Almighty does not accept any deed unless the person doing it is a believer. (Then We will turn to whatever ˹good˺ deeds they did, reducing them to scattered dust.) [Al-Furqan 25:23]
There are Ayaat in the Noble Quran, in which having faith and performing good deeds are mentioned together. Therefore, faith is not complete without good deeds, and good deeds without being a believer are not accepted.
(Those who believe and do good will be admitted into Gardens, under which rivers flow, to stay there forever by the Will of their Lord, where they will be greeted with “Peace!”) [Ibrahim 14:23]
(Whoever does good, whether male or female, and is a believer, We will surely bless them with a good life, and We will certainly reward them according to the best of their deeds.) [An-Nahl 16:97]
الإيمان قول وعمل واعتقاد، فالعمل جزء من الإيمان يزيد وينقص، ولا يقبل الله عملا إلا إذا كان صاحبه مؤمناً، قال الله تعالى: (وَقَدِمْنَا إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ هَبَاءً مَّنثُورًا) [الفرقان 25: 23]
وفي آيات القرآن تجد دوما أن الإيمان والعمل الصالح متلازمان. لذا فإن الإيمان بدون عمل صالح يكون ناقصا، والعمل الصالح غير مقبول ما لم يكن الإنسان مؤمنا.
(وَأُدْخِلَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ ۖ تَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَامٌ) [إبراهيم 14: 23]
(مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً ۖ وَلَنَجْزِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْرَهُم بِأَحْسَنِ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ) [النحل 16: 97]
1. Those Who Believe and Do Good | إلا الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات
The pairing the scholar points to is plain in Surah Al-Asr: Surely humanity is in grave loss, except those who have faith, do good, and urge each other to the truth, and urge each other to perseverance (103:2-3). Ibn Kathir explains: He excepted from loss those who believed with their hearts and did righteous deeds with their limbs; and urging each other to the truth is doing acts of obedience and leaving what is forbidden. See the difference between faith and Islam.
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (سورة العصر: 3)
الاقتران بين الإيمان والعمل الصالح الذي أشار إليه الجواب بيّنه الله تعالى في سورة العصر. قال تعالى: (إن الإنسان لفي خسر إلا الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات وتواصوا بالحق وتواصوا بالصبر) (العصر 103: 2-3)، قال ابن كثير: فاستثنى من جنس الإنسان عن الخسران الذين آمنوا بقلوبهم وعملوا الصالحات بجوارحهم، (وتواصوا بالحق) وهو أداء الطاعات وترك المحرمات.
2. A Good Life for the Believer Who Does Good | وهو مؤمن
Whoever does good, whether male or female, and is a believer, We will surely bless them with a good life (16:97). Ibn Kathir explains that this is a promise to whoever does a righteous deed, one that follows the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Prophet, while his heart believes in Allah and His Messenger; and the good life includes every kind of ease: Ibn Abbas and others are reported to have explained it as lawful provision, Ali ibn Abi Talib as contentment, and Ibn Abbas also as happiness.
مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً (سورة النحل: 97)
قال تعالى: (من عمل صالحا من ذكر أو أنثى وهو مؤمن فلنحيينه حياة طيبة) (النحل 16: 97)، قال ابن كثير: هذا وعد من الله تعالى لمن عمل صالحا، وهو العمل المتابع لكتاب الله تعالى وسنة نبيه ... وقلبه مؤمن بالله ورسوله ... والحياة الطيبة تشمل وجوه الراحة من أي جهة كانت، وقد روي عن ابن عباس وجماعة أنهم فسروها بالرزق الحلال الطيب، وعن علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه أنه فسرها بالقناعة ... وقال علي بن أبي طلحة عن ابن عباس أنها السعادة.
3. Deeds Turned to Scattered Dust | فجعلناه هباء منثورا
The verse the scholar cites: Then We will turn to whatever good deeds they did, reducing them to scattered dust (25:23). Ibn Kathir explains that this is on the Day of Resurrection: nothing remains for the idolaters of the deeds they thought would save them, because those deeds lacked the condition set by the law, either sincerity or following the law of Allah; every deed not done sincerely and according to the approved law is void.
وَقَدِمْنَا إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ هَبَاءً مَّنثُورًا (سورة الفرقان: 23)
استشهد الجواب بهذه الآية. قال تعالى: (وقدمنا إلى ما عملوا من عمل فجعلناه هباء منثورا) (الفرقان 25: 23)، قال ابن كثير: وهذا يوم القيامة ... فأخبر أنه لا يتحصل لهؤلاء المشركين من الأعمال التي ظنوا أنها منجاة لهم شيء؛ وذلك لأنها فقدت الشرط الشرعي، إما الإخلاص فيها، وإما المتابعة لشرع الله، فكل عمل لا يكون خالصا وعلى الشريعة المرضية فهو باطل.
4. Faith That Increases | زادتهم إيمانا
The true believers are only those whose hearts tremble at the remembrance of Allah, whose faith increases when His revelations are recited to them, and who put their trust in their Lord (8:2). Ibn Kathir explains that Ibn Abbas said: increases them in belief; and that this is the description of the true believer, who when Allah is mentioned fears Him, so he does what He commands and leaves what He forbids. The deeds on which Islam is built are explained in the five pillars of Islam.
إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ اللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُهُ زَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ (سورة الأنفال: 2)
قال تعالى: (إنما المؤمنون الذين إذا ذكر الله وجلت قلوبهم وإذا تليت عليهم آياته زادتهم إيمانا وعلى ربهم يتوكلون) (الأنفال 8: 2)، قال ابن عباس: (زادتهم إيمانا) يقول: تصديقا، قال ابن كثير: وهذه صفة المؤمن حق المؤمن، الذي إذا ذكر الله وجل قلبه، أي: خاف منه، ففعل أوامره، وترك زواجره.
Scholarly Insight: The Prophet described faith as many parts, not belief alone: Faith has over seventy branches, and modesty is a branch of faith (Sahih Muslim 35; in the narration of Sahih al-Bukhari 9: sixty-odd); belief in the heart, words on the tongue and deeds of the limbs all belong to it, as the scholar says. Read more in the tafsir of Surah Al-Asr.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
Is faith enough without good deeds?
No. Faith is words, deeds and belief; faith is not complete without good deeds, and good deeds without faith are not accepted.
Does faith increase and decrease?
Yes. Deeds are a part of faith, which increases and decreases; the faith of true believers increases when His revelations are recited to them (8:2).
Why are good deeds not accepted without faith?
Allah accepts a deed only from a believer: Then We will turn to whatever good deeds they did, reducing them to scattered dust (25:23).
What does Allah promise the believer who does good?
Whoever does good, whether male or female, and is a believer, We will surely bless them with a good life (16:97).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →