How Did Allah Almighty Describe the Prayers of the Hypocrites?
ذم الله في كتابه صلاة المنافقين. ما هي تلك الصلاة المذمومة؟
The prayer of the hypocrites has three qualities:
Laziness while intending to perform Salat.
Remembering Allah in it only a little: perhaps reciting only al-Fatihah and praying it quickly.
Delaying performing Salat after its prescribed time, because of his laziness. It was reported in a Noble Hadith that Allah's Messenger, peace be upon him, said: "This is how a hypocrite prays: he sits watching the sun, and when it becomes yellow and is between the horns of the devil, he rises and prays four rak'as quickly, mentioning God seldom during them."
(Surely the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but He outwits them. When they stand up for prayer, they do it half-heartedly only to be seen by people, hardly remembering Allah at all.) [An-Nisa 4:142]
(And what prevented their donations from being accepted is that they have lost faith in Allah and His Messenger, they never come to prayer except half-heartedly, and they never donate except resentfully.) [At-Tawbah 9:54]
Note: The earlier published English gave this verse the number At-Tawbah 9:5; it is verse 54 of At-Tawbah, as the Arabic card shows. The wording of the hadith in Sahih Muslim 622 is given in section 3 below.
لصلاة المنافقين ثلاث صفات:
كسل المصلي حين قيامه لها
ذكره لله فيها قليل ربما اقتصر على الفاتحة وصلاها سريعا
يؤخر الصلاة عن وقتها. وهو من كسله عنها. وقد جاء في الحديث "تلك صلاة المنافقين يجلس يرقب الشمس (أي وقت غروبها) قام فنقرها أربع نقرات لا يذكر الله فيها إلا قليلا". رواه مسلم
(إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا) [النساء 4: 142]
(وَمَا مَنَعَهُمْ أَن تُقْبَلَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِ وَلَا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ كُسَالَىٰ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ كَارِهُونَ) [التوبة 9: 54]
ملاحظة: جاء في الترجمة الإنجليزية المنشورة سابقا رقم الآية الخامسة من سورة التوبة، والصواب الآية الرابعة والخمسون كما في النص العربي، فصحح الرقم. ولفظ الحديث في صحيح مسلم 622 مذكور في الفقرة الثالثة أدناه.
1. They Stand for Prayer Lazily | وإذا قاموا إلى الصلاة قاموا كسالى
Surely the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but He outwits them. When they stand up for prayer, they do it half-heartedly only to be seen by people, hardly remembering Allah at all (4:142). Ibn Kathir explains that this is how the hypocrites are in the noblest and best of deeds, the prayer: they stand for it lazily, because they have no intention in it, no faith in it and no fear, and they do not understand its meaning. He cites Ibn Abbas: it is disliked for a man to stand for prayer lazily; rather he should stand for it with a bright face, great longing and much joy, for he is speaking to Allah.
إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (سورة النساء: 142)
قال تعالى: (إن المنافقين يخادعون الله وهو خادعهم وإذا قاموا إلى الصلاة قاموا كسالى يراءون الناس ولا يذكرون الله إلا قليلا) (النساء 4: 142)، قال ابن كثير: هذه صفة المنافقين في أشرف الأعمال وأفضلها وخيرها، وهي الصلاة، إذا قاموا إليها قاموا وهم كسالى عنها؛ لأنهم لا نية لهم فيها، ولا إيمان لهم بها ولا خشية، ولا يعقلون معناها ... عن ابن عباس قال: يكره أن يقوم الرجل إلى الصلاة وهو كسلان، ولكن يقوم إليها طلق الوجه، عظيم الرغبة، شديد الفرح، فإنه يناجي الله.
2. Heedless of Their Prayer | الذين هم عن صلاتهم ساهون
So woe to those hypocrites who pray, yet are unmindful of their prayers; those who only show off (107:4-6). Ibn Kathir reports from Ibn Abbas and others that these are the hypocrites who pray in public and do not pray in private; he explains that being unmindful may be of doing it at all, or of doing it within its set time, or of its first time, delaying it to the end of its time always or mostly, or of performing it with its pillars and conditions, or of humility in it and reflection on its meanings; the word covers all of this, and whoever has any of it has a share of the verse. See what humility in prayer is.
الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (سورة الماعون: 5)
قال تعالى: (فويل للمصلين الذين هم عن صلاتهم ساهون الذين هم يراءون) (الماعون 107: 4-6)، قال ابن كثير: قال ابن عباس وغيره: يعني المنافقين، الذين يصلون في العلانية ولا يصلون في السر، وقال ابن كثير في معنى السهو عنها: إما عن فعلها بالكلية ... وإما عن فعلها في الوقت المقدر لها شرعا، فيخرجها عن وقتها بالكلية ... وإما عن وقتها الأول فيؤخرونها إلى آخره دائما أو غالبا، وإما عن أدائها بأركانها وشروطها على الوجه المأمور به، وإما عن الخشوع فيها والتدبر لمعانيها، فاللفظ يشمل هذا كله، ولكل من اتصف بشيء من ذلك قسط من هذه الآية.
3. Watching the Sun, Then Pecking Four | يجلس يرقب الشمس
The Prophet said: That is the prayer of the hypocrite: he sits watching the sun until, when it is between the two horns of Satan, he gets up and pecks four rak’ahs, remembering Allah in them only a little (Sahih Muslim 622). Ibn Kathir cites it under Surah Al-Ma’un: delaying the prayer to the edge of its time and rushing it are part of being unmindful of it. The answer’s wording is delaying it past its time.
قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "تلك صلاة المنافق يجلس يرقب الشمس حتى إذا كانت بين قرني الشيطان قام فنقرها أربعا لا يذكر الله فيها إلا قليلا" (صحيح مسلم 622)، وأورده ابن كثير في تفسير سورة الماعون، فتأخير الصلاة إلى طرف وقتها ونقرها من السهو عنها. وعبارة الجواب تأخيرها عن وقتها.
4. Fajr and Isha Weigh on the Hypocrites | ليس صلاة أثقل على المنافقين من الفجر والعشاء
They never come to prayer except half-heartedly (9:54). Ibn Kathir explains: they have no sound purpose and no zeal for the deed; and he says before that: deeds are only valid with faith. The Prophet said: No prayer is heavier on the hypocrites than Fajr and Isha; if they knew what is in them, they would come to them even crawling (Sahih al-Bukhari 657).
وَلَا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ كُسَالَىٰ (سورة التوبة: 54)
قال تعالى: (ولا يأتون الصلاة إلا وهم كسالى) (التوبة 9: 54)، قال ابن كثير: أي: ليس لهم قصد صحيح، ولا همة في العمل، وقال قبل ذلك: والأعمال إنما تصح بالإيمان. وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: "ليس صلاة أثقل على المنافقين من الفجر والعشاء، ولو يعلمون ما فيهما لأتوهما ولو حبوا" (صحيح البخاري 657).
Scholarly Insight: Allah and His Messenger describe the hypocrite’s prayer with the same Arabic words: hardly remembering Allah at all (4:142), and remembering Allah in it only a little (Sahih Muslim 622). The believers are commanded the opposite: O believers! Always remember Allah often (33:41), as explained in how a Muslim remembers Allah. Read more in the tafsir of Surah An-Nisa.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How did Allah describe the prayer of the hypocrites?
When they stand up for prayer, they do it half-heartedly only to be seen by people, hardly remembering Allah at all (4:142).
What are the three qualities of the hypocrites’ prayer?
Laziness when standing for it; remembering Allah in it only a little and praying it quickly; and delaying it past its time out of laziness.
Which prayers are heaviest on the hypocrites?
Fajr and Isha: if they knew what is in them, they would come to them even crawling (Sahih al-Bukhari 657).
What did the Prophet say about the one who delays Asr?
That is the prayer of the hypocrite: he sits watching the sun until, when it is between the two horns of Satan, he gets up and pecks four rak’ahs, remembering Allah in them only a little (Sahih Muslim 622).
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →