How Did Allah Destroy the People of Lut?
كيف عذب الله تعالى قوم لوط؟
Allah Almighty sent down angels to tell Lut that they would destroy the people in his land, but asked him to take his family and the believers and leave the town, and they were not to look back, except for his wife, who would be doomed as she was not a believer. Then Allah destroyed the town and turned it upside down, and He Almighty sent down rain of stones of hardened clay and destroyed them. Each stone had the name of the person it was going to hit. “We poured upon them a rain of brimstone. See what was the end of the wicked!” (Surah Al-A’raf 7:84). “The angels said, ‘O Lot, indeed we are messengers of your Lord, therefore they will never reach you. So set out with your family during a portion of the night, and let not any among you look back, except your wife, indeed she will be struck by that which strikes them. Indeed, their appointment is for the morning. Is not the morning near?'” (Surah Hud 11:81). “So the mighty blast overtook them at sunrise. And We turned the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah upside down and rained upon them stones of baked clay” (Surah Al-Hijr 15:73-74).
جاءت رسل من رب العالمين ودخلوا على لوط عليه السلام، أخبروه أن الله سيدمر القوم، وطلبوا منه أن يخرج مع المؤمنين ولا يلتفتوا إلى الوراء، وقالوا له أن امرأته ستدمر مع باقي القوم لأنها كانت غير مؤمنة. وقد دمر الله تعالى القرية كلها بأن جعل عاليها سافلها، أي انقلبت رأسا على عقب، وأرسل عليهم حجارة من سجيل، أي طين متحجر، معلَّمة بعلامة على كل حجر اسم من يُقذف به. وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِم مَّطَرًا ۖ فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ﴿٨٤﴾ (سورة الأعراف: 84). قَالُوا يَا لُوطُ إِنَّا رُسُلُ رَبِّكَ لَن يَصِلُوا إِلَيْكَ ۖ فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ بِقِطْعٍ مِّنَ اللَّيْلِ وَلَا يَلْتَفِتْ مِنكُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا امْرَأَتَكَ ۖ إِنَّهُ مُصِيبُهَا مَا أَصَابَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ مَوْعِدَهُمُ الصُّبْحُ ۚ أَلَيْسَ الصُّبْحُ بِقَرِيبٍ ﴿٨١﴾ (سورة هود: 81). فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ مُشْرِقِينَ ﴿٧٣﴾ فَجَعَلْنَا عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ حِجَارَةً مِّن سِجِّيلٍ ﴿٧٤﴾ (سورة الحجر: 73-74).
1. Two Punishments in a Single Moment | عقوبتان في لحظة واحدة
The destruction combined two distinct forms of devastation at once: the towns being physically inverted, “We turned it upside down,” and a rain of stones striking from above. Scholars note this double punishment as fitting the crime’s own inversion of natural order, a society that had turned moral norms upside down met a punishment that turned its very cities upside down.
جمع الهلاك بين نوعين متمايزين من الدمار في آن واحد: انقلاب المدن ماديا، “فجعلنا عاليها سافلها”، ومطر من الحجارة يضرب من فوق. ويلاحظ العلماء أن هذا العقاب المزدوج يناسب انقلاب الجريمة نفسها للنظام الطبيعي، فمجتمع قلب الأعراف الأخلاقية رأسا على عقب قوبل بعقاب قلب مدنه نفسها رأسا على عقب.
2. Stones Marked With Names | حجارة معلَّمة بأسماء
The detail that each stone carried the name of the person it would strike removes any sense of random or indiscriminate destruction. This is presented as a precisely targeted judgment against specific individuals for specific deeds, not a natural disaster that happened to coincide with their wrongdoing.
يزيل التفصيل بأن كل حجر حمل اسم الشخص الذي سيصيبه أي إحساس بدمار عشوائي أو غير مميّز. ويُعرض هذا حكما مستهدفا بدقة ضد أفراد محددين لأفعال محددة، لا كارثة طبيعية صادف أن تزامنت مع خطئهم.
3. A Narrow Escape Timed to the Hour | نجاة ضيقة محددة بالساعة
Surah Hud gives Lut and his household a specific window, to leave in the night before an appointed morning, a timeline precise enough that the angels could tell him it was “not far off.” This precision, an exact deadline rather than a vague warning, is highlighted by commentators as evidence that Allah’s mercy toward the believers among them was as deliberate and exact as His judgment against the rest.
تمنح سورة هود لوطا وأهله مهلة محددة، أن يرحلوا ليلا قبل صباح موعود، جدول زمني دقيق بما يكفي ليقول له الملائكة إنه “ليس ببعيد”. ويبرز المفسرون هذه الدقة، موعد نهائي محدد لا تحذير غامض، دليلا على أن رحمة الله تجاه المؤمنين بينهم كانت متعمدة ودقيقة بقدر حكمه على الباقين.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
How did Allah destroy the people of Lut?
He turned their towns upside down and rained down stones of hardened clay on them.
Were the stones aimed randomly?
No, each stone was marked in advance with the name of the specific person it would strike.
When did Lut and the believers escape?
During the night, on Allah’s instruction, before the punishment struck at sunrise the next morning.