What Was the Result of Ibrahim’s Argument With His People?
ما نتيجة محاجّة إبراهيم عليه السلام قومه؟
When they brought Ibrahim to trial, they asked him, “Was it you who did this to our gods, O Abraham?” He said, “No, this one, the biggest of them, did it!” while pointing at the largest of the statues, “So ask them, if they can talk!” He replied to them with sarcasm, scolding them for worshipping what does not hear, see, or benefit anyone. “So they came back to their senses, saying to one another, ‘You yourselves are truly the wrongdoers!'” because they worshipped what cannot speak, reply, or even defend itself, let alone defend others. “Then they quickly regressed to their original mind-set,” meaning Allah overturned their momentary clarity, and after realizing the truth, they returned to their arguments and falsehood. So they told Ibrahim, “You already know that those idols cannot talk,” meaning how could he tell them to ask idols he himself knew could not speak. Their admission that the idols could not speak was, ironically, a regression back to their original position rather than genuine acceptance of the truth.
لما أحضروه في مجلس المحاكمة سألوه: أأنت فعلت هذا بآلهتنا يا إبراهيم؟ قال لهم: بل فعله كبيرهم هذا، وهو يشير بإصبعه إلى كبير الآلهة، فاسألوهم إن كانوا ينطقون، تقريعا لهم وتوبيخا على عبادتهم ما لا يسمع ولا يبصر ولا يغني عن نفسه شيئا. وهناك رجعوا إلى أنفسهم باللائمة فقالوا: إنكم أنتم الظالمون، أي حيث تألهون ما لا ينطق ولا يجيب ولا يدفع عن نفسه، فكيف عن غيره؟! وقوله تعالى: ثم نُكسوا على رؤوسهم، أي قلبهم الله رأسا على عقب، فبعد أن عرفوا الحق ولاموا أنفسهم عادوا إلى الجدال بالباطل. فقالوا لإبراهيم: لقد علمت يا إبراهيم ما هؤلاء ينطقون، فكيف تطلب منا أن نسألهم وأنت تعلم أنهم لا ينطقون؟ وحين اعترفوا بأن الآلهة لا تنطق، كان ذلك انتكاسًا في الفطرة وقلبًا لها، وقد اعترفوا أولا ببطلان تلك الآلهة.
1. A Sarcastic Answer That Cornered Them | جوابٌ ساخر أوقعهم في المأزق
Ibrahim’s reply, that the largest idol did it, covered in How Did Ibrahim Prove the Idols Were Powerless?, was never meant to be believed literally. It was a rhetorical trap: any attempt to dismiss the claim required admitting the idol could not have acted at all, which was precisely the point Ibrahim wanted them to reach on their own.
لم يُرد إبراهيم عليه السلام بقوله: (بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَٰذَا) (الأنبياء 21: 63) أن يُصدَّق على ظاهره، وقد مرّ خبره في جواب: كيف أثبت إبراهيم عليه السلام عجز الأصنام؟ وإنما كان تعريضًا أراد به أن يُلزمهم الحجة: فأي محاولة لردّ قوله تقتضي الإقرار بأن الصنم لا يقدر على فعل شيء أصلًا، وهو ما أراد أن يصلوا إليه بأنفسهم.
2. A Flash of Truth, Immediately Suppressed | لمحةُ حق سرعان ما خبت
For a brief moment, Ibrahim’s people openly admitted their own wrongdoing, “You yourselves are truly the wrongdoers.” This admission shows the argument had genuinely worked on a rational level. What follows is not a refutation of that logic but a retreat from it, choosing comfortable tradition over an uncomfortable truth they had just voiced themselves.
واعترف قوم إبراهيم لحظةً بظلمهم: (فَرَجَعُوا إِلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكُمْ أَنتُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ) (الأنبياء 21: 64). وفي هذا الاعتراف دليل على أن الحجة بلغت عقولهم حقًّا. وما جاء بعده لم يكن ردًّا لتلك الحجة، بل نكوصًا عنها، إذ آثروا ما ألفوه من التقليد على حقٍّ ثقيل نطقوا به هم أنفسهم قبل قليل.
3. Confirming the Very Point Being Made | إقرارٌ بالحجة نفسها
When they told Ibrahim he already knew the idols could not speak, they unknowingly confirmed his entire argument rather than defeating it. This exchange is often cited by scholars as an example of how clear logic can be acknowledged and still rejected when it conflicts with inherited custom, leading directly to the harsher response covered in What Punishment Did the People Rule on Ibrahim?
ولما قالوا لإبراهيم عليه السلام: (لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا هَٰؤُلَاءِ يَنطِقُونَ) (الأنبياء 21: 65)، أقرّوا من حيث لا يشعرون بحجته كلها بدل أن يردّوها. وكثيرًا ما يستشهد العلماء بهذا الموقف مثالًا على أن الحجة الواضحة قد يُقَرّ بها ثم تُردّ إذا خالفت العادة الموروثة، وهو ما أفضى مباشرة إلى الرد الأشد الذي بيّناه في جواب: ما العقوبة التي حكم بها القوم على إبراهيم عليه السلام؟
Scholarly Insight: Ibn Ashur, on their reversal (21:65), in his commentary on 21:64: “Since there was no agent of that overturning except themselves, the verb was put in the passive voice and came to mean that they themselves relapsed upon their heads. This is figurative representation. Overturning means turning the upper part of something into its lower part, and its lower part into its upper part.” See the sentence his people passed on Ibrahim. Read the fuller context in the tafsir of Surah Al-Anbiya.
Frequently Asked Questions | الأسئلة الشائعة
What did Ibrahim’s people initially admit after his argument?
That they themselves were the wrongdoers, for worshipping idols that could not speak or defend themselves.
Did that admission lead to genuine change?
No, they quickly reverted to their original position and hostility toward Ibrahim.
How did they respond when Ibrahim told them to ask the idol?
They pointed out that he already knew the idols could not speak, unintentionally confirming his own argument.
Prepared by Eng. Ghada Homad, founder of IslamFAQ, researched and written in consultation with qualified scholars, reviewed by Professor Khaled Jassem Al-Houli, Associate Professor of Comparative Jurisprudence and Islamic Politics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of Kuwait. Read more about the authors and this project →