In which Surah in the Holy Quran are the laws of inheritance mentioned?
ما هي السورة التي وردت فيها أحكام المواريث؟
Surah An-Nisa' is central to Islamic legislation regarding family and social structure. The Holy Quran provides precise mathematical distributions for inheritance to ensure that wealth is shared fairly among heirs and to prevent disputes. This divine intervention removed the matter from human bias or tribal customs: making it a fixed obligation from Allah.
تعد سورة النساء محور التشريع الإسلامي فيما يتعلق بالأسرة والبنية الاجتماعية. وقد قدم القرآن الكريم توزيعات حسابية دقيقة للمواريث لضمان تقسيم الثروة بالعدل بين الورثة ومنع النزاعات. لقد نقل هذا التدخل الرباني مسألة المواريث من حيز الأهواء البشرية أو الأعراف القبلية إلى حيز الفريضة الربانية الثابتة.
Key Quranic Verses | الآيات الأساسية
An-Nisa' 4:11: (Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male: what is equal to the share of two females...)
النساء 4: 11: (يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ...)
An-Nisa' 4:12: (And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child...)
النساء 4: 12: (وَلَكُمْ نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ أَزْوَاجُكُمْ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُنَّ وَلَدٌ...)
An-Nisa' 4:176: (They request from you a legal ruling. Say: "Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]...")
النساء 4: 176: (يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ...)
Scholarly Insight: Scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) refer to the study of inheritance as "Ilm al-Fara'id" (The Science of Obligations). It is noted that the Holy Quran took the responsibility of distributing shares directly rather than leaving it to General principles: which highlights its immense importance. These verses in Surah An-Nisa' are considered the foundation of the Islamic economic system: promoting the circulation of wealth across generations.