The first and second divorces have the same rulings: the divorced woman remains his wife until the waiting period is over -the iddah- and the definition of the waiting period is mentioned later. The husband has the right to revoke the divorce and take her back during the waiting period without a new contract, with no dowry, and no guardian, and this is what the jurists call ‘the return’, which means: returning the divorcee to her previous state without a contract. This is the Revocable divorce.
But if the ‘iddah of a first or second divorce pronouncing ends, it becomes irrevocable in a minor sense, and she cannot go back to her husband unless she agrees and there is a new marriage contract and a new dowry
Third divorce:
If he pronounces a third divorce, she is no longer his wife, and he can only take her back (as his wife) under three conditions:
The first condition is that she has to marry another husband, then get a divorce from him.
The second condition that the new marriage should be a genuine one.
The third condition is that the second husband consummates the marriage.
(Divorce may be retracted twice, then the husband must retain ˹his wife˺ with honour or separate ˹from her˺ with grace. It is not lawful for husbands to take back anything of the dowry given to their wives, unless the couple fears not being able to keep within the limits of Allah. So if you fear they will not be able to keep within the limits of Allah, there is no blame if the wife compensates the husband to obtain divorce. These are the limits set by Allah, so do not transgress them. And whoever transgresses the limits of Allah, they are the ˹true˺ wrongdoers.) Al-Baqara 2:229
(So if a husband divorces his wife ˹three times˺, then it is not lawful for him to remarry her until after she has married another man and then is divorced. Then it is permissible for them to reunite, as long as they feel they are able to maintain the limits of Allah. These are the limits set by Allah, which He makes clear for people of knowledge) Al-Baqara 2:230
الطلقة الأولى والثانية حكمهما واحد، وهو: إن المطلقة تبقى زوجة ما لم تنقض العدة-وسيأتي ذكر العدة-، فللزوج الحق في مراجعتها في أثناء العدة بغير عقد ولا مهر ولا ولي، وهذا الذي يسميه الفقهاء الرجعة، ويقصد به: إعادة المطلقة غير البائن إلى ما كانت عليه بغير عقد.
فإن انقضت العدة من الطلقة الأولى أو الثانية كان للزوج الحق في مراجعة زوجته بمهر جديد وعقد جديد، ويسمى الفراق بين الزوجين هنا: (بينونة صغرى).
ويجدر التنبيه على أن إذا راجع الزوج زوجته في العدة رجعة صحيحة، لم يملك من الطلاق إلا ما بقي من عدده.
الطلقة الثالثة:
إن طلقها طلقة ثالثة: فإنها لم تعد زوجة، ولا يحل له أن يراجعها إلا بثلاث شروط:
الشرط الأول: أن تنكح زوجا غيره.
الشرط الثاني: أن يكون النكاح صحيحا.
الشرط الثالث: أن يطأها الزوج الثاني في الفرج.
( الطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ ۖ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ ۗ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَن يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّـهِ ۖ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّـهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ ۗ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّـهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا ۚ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّـهِ فَأُولَـٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ ) البقرة 2: 229
( . فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِن بَعْدُ حَتَّىٰ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَن يَتَرَاجَعَا إِن ظَنَّا أَن يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّـهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّـهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ ) ﴿البقرة 2: 230 ﴾